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# sqlglot.dialects.bigquery

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import logging
       4import re
       5import typing as t
       6
       7from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
       8from sqlglot._typing import E
       9from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      10    Dialect,
      11    NormalizationStrategy,
      12    annotate_with_type_lambda,
      13    arg_max_or_min_no_count,
      14    binary_from_function,
      15    date_add_interval_sql,
      16    datestrtodate_sql,
      17    build_formatted_time,
      18    filter_array_using_unnest,
      19    if_sql,
      20    inline_array_unless_query,
      21    max_or_greatest,
      22    min_or_least,
      23    no_ilike_sql,
      24    build_date_delta_with_interval,
      25    regexp_replace_sql,
      26    rename_func,
      27    sha256_sql,
      28    timestrtotime_sql,
      29    ts_or_ds_add_cast,
      30    unit_to_var,
      31    strposition_sql,
      32    groupconcat_sql,
      33)
      34from sqlglot.helper import seq_get, split_num_words
      35from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      36from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
      37
      38if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      39    from sqlglot._typing import Lit
      40
      41    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import TypeAnnotator
      42
      43logger = logging.getLogger("sqlglot")
      44
      45
      46JSON_EXTRACT_TYPE = t.Union[exp.JSONExtract, exp.JSONExtractScalar, exp.JSONExtractArray]
      47
      48DQUOTES_ESCAPING_JSON_FUNCTIONS = ("JSON_QUERY", "JSON_VALUE", "JSON_QUERY_ARRAY")
      49
      50
      51def _derived_table_values_to_unnest(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.Values) -> str:
      52    if not expression.find_ancestor(exp.From, exp.Join):
      53        return self.values_sql(expression)
      54
      55    structs = []
      56    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
      57    for tup in expression.find_all(exp.Tuple):
      58        field_aliases = (
      59            alias.columns
      60            if alias and alias.columns
      61            else (f"_c{i}" for i in range(len(tup.expressions)))
      62        )
      63        expressions = [
      64            exp.PropertyEQ(this=exp.to_identifier(name), expression=fld)
      65            for name, fld in zip(field_aliases, tup.expressions)
      66        ]
      67        structs.append(exp.Struct(expressions=expressions))
      68
      69    # Due to `UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY`, it is expected that the table alias be contained in the columns expression
      70    alias_name_only = exp.TableAlias(columns=[alias.this]) if alias else None
      71    return self.unnest_sql(
      72        exp.Unnest(expressions=[exp.array(*structs, copy=False)], alias=alias_name_only)
      73    )
      74
      75
      76def _returnsproperty_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
      77    this = expression.this
      78    if isinstance(this, exp.Schema):
      79        this = f"{self.sql(this, 'this')} <{self.expressions(this)}>"
      80    else:
      81        this = self.sql(this)
      82    return f"RETURNS {this}"
      83
      84
      85def _create_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
      86    returns = expression.find(exp.ReturnsProperty)
      87    if expression.kind == "FUNCTION" and returns and returns.args.get("is_table"):
      88        expression.set("kind", "TABLE FUNCTION")
      89
      90        if isinstance(expression.expression, (exp.Subquery, exp.Literal)):
      91            expression.set("expression", expression.expression.this)
      92
      93    return self.create_sql(expression)
      94
      95
      96# https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/162294746
      97# workaround for bigquery bug when grouping by an expression and then ordering
      98# WITH x AS (SELECT 1 y)
      99# SELECT y + 1 z
     100# FROM x
     101# GROUP BY x + 1
     102# ORDER by z
     103def _alias_ordered_group(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     104    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
     105        group = expression.args.get("group")
     106        order = expression.args.get("order")
     107
     108        if group and order:
     109            aliases = {
     110                select.this: select.args["alias"]
     111                for select in expression.selects
     112                if isinstance(select, exp.Alias)
     113            }
     114
     115            for grouped in group.expressions:
     116                if grouped.is_int:
     117                    continue
     118                alias = aliases.get(grouped)
     119                if alias:
     120                    grouped.replace(exp.column(alias))
     121
     122    return expression
     123
     124
     125def _pushdown_cte_column_names(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     126    """BigQuery doesn't allow column names when defining a CTE, so we try to push them down."""
     127    if isinstance(expression, exp.CTE) and expression.alias_column_names:
     128        cte_query = expression.this
     129
     130        if cte_query.is_star:
     131            logger.warning(
     132                "Can't push down CTE column names for star queries. Run the query through"
     133                " the optimizer or use 'qualify' to expand the star projections first."
     134            )
     135            return expression
     136
     137        column_names = expression.alias_column_names
     138        expression.args["alias"].set("columns", None)
     139
     140        for name, select in zip(column_names, cte_query.selects):
     141            to_replace = select
     142
     143            if isinstance(select, exp.Alias):
     144                select = select.this
     145
     146            # Inner aliases are shadowed by the CTE column names
     147            to_replace.replace(exp.alias_(select, name))
     148
     149    return expression
     150
     151
     152def _build_parse_timestamp(args: t.List) -> exp.StrToTime:
     153    this = build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "bigquery")([seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)])
     154    this.set("zone", seq_get(args, 2))
     155    return this
     156
     157
     158def _build_timestamp(args: t.List) -> exp.Timestamp:
     159    timestamp = exp.Timestamp.from_arg_list(args)
     160    timestamp.set("with_tz", True)
     161    return timestamp
     162
     163
     164def _build_date(args: t.List) -> exp.Date | exp.DateFromParts:
     165    expr_type = exp.DateFromParts if len(args) == 3 else exp.Date
     166    return expr_type.from_arg_list(args)
     167
     168
     169def _build_to_hex(args: t.List) -> exp.Hex | exp.MD5:
     170    # TO_HEX(MD5(..)) is common in BigQuery, so it's parsed into MD5 to simplify its transpilation
     171    arg = seq_get(args, 0)
     172    return exp.MD5(this=arg.this) if isinstance(arg, exp.MD5Digest) else exp.LowerHex(this=arg)
     173
     174
     175def _array_contains_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.ArrayContains) -> str:
     176    return self.sql(
     177        exp.Exists(
     178            this=exp.select("1")
     179            .from_(exp.Unnest(expressions=[expression.left]).as_("_unnest", table=["_col"]))
     180            .where(exp.column("_col").eq(expression.right))
     181        )
     182    )
     183
     184
     185def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
     186    return date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD")(self, ts_or_ds_add_cast(expression))
     187
     188
     189def _ts_or_ds_diff_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
     190    expression.this.replace(exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP))
     191    expression.expression.replace(exp.cast(expression.expression, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP))
     192    unit = unit_to_var(expression)
     193    return self.func("DATE_DIFF", expression.this, expression.expression, unit)
     194
     195
     196def _unix_to_time_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
     197    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
     198    timestamp = expression.this
     199
     200    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
     201        return self.func("TIMESTAMP_SECONDS", timestamp)
     202    if scale == exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS:
     203        return self.func("TIMESTAMP_MILLIS", timestamp)
     204    if scale == exp.UnixToTime.MICROS:
     205        return self.func("TIMESTAMP_MICROS", timestamp)
     206
     207    unix_seconds = exp.cast(
     208        exp.Div(this=timestamp, expression=exp.func("POW", 10, scale)), exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT
     209    )
     210    return self.func("TIMESTAMP_SECONDS", unix_seconds)
     211
     212
     213def _build_time(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
     214    if len(args) == 1:
     215        return exp.TsOrDsToTime(this=args[0])
     216    if len(args) == 2:
     217        return exp.Time.from_arg_list(args)
     218    return exp.TimeFromParts.from_arg_list(args)
     219
     220
     221def _build_datetime(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
     222    if len(args) == 1:
     223        return exp.TsOrDsToDatetime.from_arg_list(args)
     224    if len(args) == 2:
     225        return exp.Datetime.from_arg_list(args)
     226    return exp.TimestampFromParts.from_arg_list(args)
     227
     228
     229def _build_regexp_extract(
     230    expr_type: t.Type[E], default_group: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     231) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     232    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     233        try:
     234            group = re.compile(args[1].name).groups == 1
     235        except re.error:
     236            group = False
     237
     238        # Default group is used for the transpilation of REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL
     239        return expr_type(
     240            this=seq_get(args, 0),
     241            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     242            position=seq_get(args, 2),
     243            occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
     244            group=exp.Literal.number(1) if group else default_group,
     245        )
     246
     247    return _builder
     248
     249
     250def _build_extract_json_with_default_path(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List, Dialect], E]:
     251    def _builder(args: t.List, dialect: Dialect) -> E:
     252        if len(args) == 1:
     253            # The default value for the JSONPath is '$' i.e all of the data
     254            args.append(exp.Literal.string("$"))
     255        return parser.build_extract_json_with_path(expr_type)(args, dialect)
     256
     257    return _builder
     258
     259
     260def _str_to_datetime_sql(
     261    self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime
     262) -> str:
     263    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
     264    dtype = "DATE" if isinstance(expression, exp.StrToDate) else "TIMESTAMP"
     265
     266    if expression.args.get("safe"):
     267        fmt = self.format_time(
     268            expression,
     269            self.dialect.INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING,
     270            self.dialect.INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE,
     271        )
     272        return f"SAFE_CAST({this} AS {dtype} FORMAT {fmt})"
     273
     274    fmt = self.format_time(expression)
     275    return self.func(f"PARSE_{dtype}", fmt, this, expression.args.get("zone"))
     276
     277
     278def _annotate_math_functions(self: TypeAnnotator, expression: E) -> E:
     279    """
     280    Many BigQuery math functions such as CEIL, FLOOR etc follow this return type convention:
     281    +---------+---------+---------+------------+---------+
     282    |  INPUT  | INT64   | NUMERIC | BIGNUMERIC | FLOAT64 |
     283    +---------+---------+---------+------------+---------+
     284    |  OUTPUT | FLOAT64 | NUMERIC | BIGNUMERIC | FLOAT64 |
     285    +---------+---------+---------+------------+---------+
     286    """
     287    self._annotate_args(expression)
     288
     289    this: exp.Expression = expression.this
     290
     291    self._set_type(
     292        expression,
     293        exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.INTEGER_TYPES) else this.type,
     294    )
     295    return expression
     296
     297
     298@unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")
     299def _levenshtein_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.Levenshtein) -> str:
     300    max_dist = expression.args.get("max_dist")
     301    if max_dist:
     302        max_dist = exp.Kwarg(this=exp.var("max_distance"), expression=max_dist)
     303
     304    return self.func("EDIT_DISTANCE", expression.this, expression.expression, max_dist)
     305
     306
     307def _build_levenshtein(args: t.List) -> exp.Levenshtein:
     308    max_dist = seq_get(args, 2)
     309    return exp.Levenshtein(
     310        this=seq_get(args, 0),
     311        expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     312        max_dist=max_dist.expression if max_dist else None,
     313    )
     314
     315
     316def _build_format_time(expr_type: t.Type[exp.Expression]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.TimeToStr]:
     317    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeToStr:
     318        return exp.TimeToStr(
     319            this=expr_type(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
     320            format=seq_get(args, 0),
     321            zone=seq_get(args, 2),
     322        )
     323
     324    return _builder
     325
     326
     327def _build_contains_substring(args: t.List) -> exp.Contains | exp.Anonymous:
     328    if len(args) == 3:
     329        return exp.Anonymous(this="CONTAINS_SUBSTR", expressions=args)
     330
     331    # Lowercase the operands in case of transpilation, as exp.Contains
     332    # is case-sensitive on other dialects
     333    this = exp.Lower(this=seq_get(args, 0))
     334    expr = exp.Lower(this=seq_get(args, 1))
     335
     336    return exp.Contains(this=this, expression=expr)
     337
     338
     339def _json_extract_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: JSON_EXTRACT_TYPE) -> str:
     340    name = (expression._meta and expression.meta.get("name")) or expression.sql_name()
     341    upper = name.upper()
     342
     343    dquote_escaping = upper in DQUOTES_ESCAPING_JSON_FUNCTIONS
     344
     345    if dquote_escaping:
     346        self._quote_json_path_key_using_brackets = False
     347
     348    sql = rename_func(upper)(self, expression)
     349
     350    if dquote_escaping:
     351        self._quote_json_path_key_using_brackets = True
     352
     353    return sql
     354
     355
     356def _annotate_concat(self: TypeAnnotator, expression: exp.Concat) -> exp.Concat:
     357    annotated = self._annotate_by_args(expression, "expressions")
     358
     359    # Args must be BYTES or types that can be cast to STRING, return type is either BYTES or STRING
     360    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#concat
     361    if not annotated.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.BINARY, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     362        annotated.type = exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR
     363
     364    return annotated
     365
     366
     367class BigQuery(Dialect):
     368    WEEK_OFFSET = -1
     369    UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = True
     370    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     371    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     372    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
     373    HEX_LOWERCASE = True
     374    FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION = True
     375    PRESERVE_ORIGINAL_NAMES = True
     376    HEX_STRING_IS_INTEGER_TYPE = True
     377
     378    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#case_sensitivity
     379    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
     380
     381    # bigquery udfs are case sensitive
     382    NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS = False
     383
     384    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/format-elements#format_elements_date_time
     385    TIME_MAPPING = {
     386        "%D": "%m/%d/%y",
     387        "%E6S": "%S.%f",
     388        "%e": "%-d",
     389    }
     390
     391    FORMAT_MAPPING = {
     392        "DD": "%d",
     393        "MM": "%m",
     394        "MON": "%b",
     395        "MONTH": "%B",
     396        "YYYY": "%Y",
     397        "YY": "%y",
     398        "HH": "%I",
     399        "HH12": "%I",
     400        "HH24": "%H",
     401        "MI": "%M",
     402        "SS": "%S",
     403        "SSSSS": "%f",
     404        "TZH": "%z",
     405    }
     406
     407    # The _PARTITIONTIME and _PARTITIONDATE pseudo-columns are not returned by a SELECT * statement
     408    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/querying-partitioned-tables#query_an_ingestion-time_partitioned_table
     409    PSEUDOCOLUMNS = {"_PARTITIONTIME", "_PARTITIONDATE"}
     410
     411    # All set operations require either a DISTINCT or ALL specifier
     412    SET_OP_DISTINCT_BY_DEFAULT = dict.fromkeys((exp.Except, exp.Intersect, exp.Union), None)
     413
     414    # BigQuery maps Type.TIMESTAMP to DATETIME, so we need to amend the inferred types
     415    TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS = {
     416        **Dialect.TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS,
     417        exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: Dialect.TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS[exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP],
     418    }
     419    TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS.pop(exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
     420
     421    ANNOTATORS = {
     422        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
     423        **{
     424            expr_type: annotate_with_type_lambda(data_type)
     425            for data_type, expressions in TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS.items()
     426            for expr_type in expressions
     427        },
     428        **{
     429            expr_type: lambda self, e: _annotate_math_functions(self, e)
     430            for expr_type in (exp.Floor, exp.Ceil, exp.Log, exp.Ln, exp.Sqrt, exp.Exp, exp.Round)
     431        },
     432        **{
     433            expr_type: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
     434            for expr_type in (
     435                exp.Left,
     436                exp.Right,
     437                exp.Lower,
     438                exp.Upper,
     439                exp.Pad,
     440                exp.Trim,
     441                exp.RegexpExtract,
     442                exp.RegexpReplace,
     443                exp.Repeat,
     444                exp.Substring,
     445            )
     446        },
     447        exp.Concat: _annotate_concat,
     448        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
     449        exp.Split: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", array=True),
     450    }
     451
     452    def normalize_identifier(self, expression: E) -> E:
     453        if (
     454            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     455            and self.normalization_strategy is NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
     456        ):
     457            parent = expression.parent
     458            while isinstance(parent, exp.Dot):
     459                parent = parent.parent
     460
     461            # In BigQuery, CTEs are case-insensitive, but UDF and table names are case-sensitive
     462            # by default. The following check uses a heuristic to detect tables based on whether
     463            # they are qualified. This should generally be correct, because tables in BigQuery
     464            # must be qualified with at least a dataset, unless @@dataset_id is set.
     465            case_sensitive = (
     466                isinstance(parent, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
     467                or (
     468                    isinstance(parent, exp.Table)
     469                    and parent.db
     470                    and (parent.meta.get("quoted_table") or not parent.meta.get("maybe_column"))
     471                )
     472                or expression.meta.get("is_table")
     473            )
     474            if not case_sensitive:
     475                expression.set("this", expression.this.lower())
     476
     477            return t.cast(E, expression)
     478
     479        return super().normalize_identifier(expression)
     480
     481    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     482        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
     483        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
     484        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
     485        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
     486
     487        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
     488
     489        BYTE_STRINGS = [
     490            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
     491        ]
     492
     493        RAW_STRINGS = [
     494            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
     495        ]
     496
     497        KEYWORDS = {
     498            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     499            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
     500            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
     501            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
     502            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     503            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
     504            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
     505            "DATETIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
     506            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     507            "ELSEIF": TokenType.COMMAND,
     508            "EXCEPTION": TokenType.COMMAND,
     509            "EXPORT": TokenType.EXPORT,
     510            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     511            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
     512            "MODEL": TokenType.MODEL,
     513            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
     514            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
     515            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     516        }
     517        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
     518        KEYWORDS.pop("VALUES")
     519        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     520
     521    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     522        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
     523        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
     524        SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
     525
     526        FUNCTIONS = {
     527            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     528            "CONTAINS_SUBSTR": _build_contains_substring,
     529            "DATE": _build_date,
     530            "DATE_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
     531            "DATE_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
     532            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
     533                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
     534                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     535                zone=seq_get(args, 2),
     536            ),
     537            "DATETIME": _build_datetime,
     538            "DATETIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
     539            "DATETIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
     540            "DIV": binary_from_function(exp.IntDiv),
     541            "EDIT_DISTANCE": _build_levenshtein,
     542            "FORMAT_DATE": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate),
     543            "GENERATE_ARRAY": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
     544            "JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
     545            "JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractArray),
     546            "JSON_QUERY": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtract),
     547            "JSON_QUERY_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractArray),
     548            "JSON_VALUE": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
     549            "JSON_VALUE_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONValueArray),
     550            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     551            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
     552            "TO_HEX": _build_to_hex,
     553            "PARSE_DATE": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToDate, "bigquery")(
     554                [seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)]
     555            ),
     556            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": _build_parse_timestamp,
     557            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     558            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     559            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     560            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(
     561                exp.RegexpExtractAll, default_group=exp.Literal.number(0)
     562            ),
     563            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
     564            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
     565            "SPLIT": lambda args: exp.Split(
     566                # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#split
     567                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     568                expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
     569            ),
     570            "STRPOS": exp.StrPosition.from_arg_list,
     571            "TIME": _build_time,
     572            "TIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
     573            "TIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
     574            "TIMESTAMP": _build_timestamp,
     575            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
     576            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
     577            "TIMESTAMP_MICROS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
     578                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MICROS
     579            ),
     580            "TIMESTAMP_MILLIS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
     581                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS
     582            ),
     583            "TIMESTAMP_SECONDS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     584            "TO_JSON_STRING": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
     585            "FORMAT_DATETIME": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToDatetime),
     586            "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp),
     587        }
     588
     589        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     590            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     591            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
     592            "MAKE_INTERVAL": lambda self: self._parse_make_interval(),
     593            "FEATURES_AT_TIME": lambda self: self._parse_features_at_time(),
     594        }
     595        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     596
     597        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
     598            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
     599            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
     600        }
     601
     602        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
     603            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
     604            TokenType.TABLE,
     605        }
     606
     607        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     608            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     609            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
     610                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
     611            ),
     612            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
     613        }
     614
     615        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     616            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     617            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
     618        }
     619
     620        RANGE_PARSERS = parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS.copy()
     621        RANGE_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.OVERLAPS)
     622
     623        NULL_TOKENS = {TokenType.NULL, TokenType.UNKNOWN}
     624
     625        DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS = {TokenType.DOT, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN}
     626
     627        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     628            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     629            TokenType.ELSE: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
     630            TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
     631            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: self._parse_for_in(),
     632            TokenType.EXPORT: lambda self: self._parse_export_data(),
     633        }
     634
     635        BRACKET_OFFSETS = {
     636            "OFFSET": (0, False),
     637            "ORDINAL": (1, False),
     638            "SAFE_OFFSET": (0, True),
     639            "SAFE_ORDINAL": (1, True),
     640        }
     641
     642        def _parse_for_in(self) -> exp.ForIn:
     643            this = self._parse_range()
     644            self._match_text_seq("DO")
     645            return self.expression(exp.ForIn, this=this, expression=self._parse_statement())
     646
     647        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     648            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema) or self._parse_number()
     649
     650            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
     651            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
     652                table_name = this.name
     653                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
     654                    start = self._curr
     655                    while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     656                        self.DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS, advance=False
     657                    ):
     658                        self._advance()
     659
     660                    if start == self._curr:
     661                        break
     662
     663                    table_name += self._find_sql(start, self._prev)
     664
     665                this = exp.Identifier(
     666                    this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted")
     667                ).update_positions(this)
     668            elif isinstance(this, exp.Literal):
     669                table_name = this.name
     670
     671                if self._is_connected() and self._parse_var(any_token=True):
     672                    table_name += self._prev.text
     673
     674                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=True).update_positions(this)
     675
     676            return this
     677
     678        def _parse_table_parts(
     679            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     680        ) -> exp.Table:
     681            table = super()._parse_table_parts(
     682                schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference, wildcard=True
     683            )
     684
     685            # proj-1.db.tbl -- `1.` is tokenized as a float so we need to unravel it here
     686            if not table.catalog:
     687                if table.db:
     688                    previous_db = table.args["db"]
     689                    parts = table.db.split(".")
     690                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.args["db"].quoted:
     691                        table.set(
     692                            "catalog", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]).update_positions(previous_db)
     693                        )
     694                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]).update_positions(previous_db))
     695                else:
     696                    previous_this = table.this
     697                    parts = table.name.split(".")
     698                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.this.quoted:
     699                        table.set(
     700                            "db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]).update_positions(previous_this)
     701                        )
     702                        table.set(
     703                            "this", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]).update_positions(previous_this)
     704                        )
     705
     706            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and any("." in p.name for p in table.parts):
     707                alias = table.this
     708                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
     709                    exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
     710                    for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in table.parts), ".", 3)
     711                )
     712
     713                for part in (catalog, db, this):
     714                    if part:
     715                        part.update_positions(table.this)
     716
     717                if rest and this:
     718                    this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
     719
     720                table = exp.Table(
     721                    this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog, pivots=table.args.get("pivots")
     722                )
     723                table.meta["quoted_table"] = True
     724            else:
     725                alias = None
     726
     727            # The `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` views in BigQuery need to be qualified by a region or
     728            # dataset, so if the project identifier is omitted we need to fix the ast so that
     729            # the `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.X` bit is represented as a single (quoted) Identifier.
     730            # Otherwise, we wouldn't correctly qualify a `Table` node that references these
     731            # views, because it would seem like the "catalog" part is set, when it'd actually
     732            # be the region/dataset. Merging the two identifiers into a single one is done to
     733            # avoid producing a 4-part Table reference, which would cause issues in the schema
     734            # module, when there are 3-part table names mixed with information schema views.
     735            #
     736            # See: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/information-schema-intro#syntax
     737            table_parts = table.parts
     738            if len(table_parts) > 1 and table_parts[-2].name.upper() == "INFORMATION_SCHEMA":
     739                # We need to alias the table here to avoid breaking existing qualified columns.
     740                # This is expected to be safe, because if there's an actual alias coming up in
     741                # the token stream, it will overwrite this one. If there isn't one, we are only
     742                # exposing the name that can be used to reference the view explicitly (a no-op).
     743                exp.alias_(
     744                    table,
     745                    t.cast(exp.Identifier, alias or table_parts[-1]),
     746                    table=True,
     747                    copy=False,
     748                )
     749
     750                info_schema_view = f"{table_parts[-2].name}.{table_parts[-1].name}"
     751                new_this = exp.Identifier(this=info_schema_view, quoted=True).update_positions(
     752                    line=table_parts[-2].meta.get("line"),
     753                    col=table_parts[-1].meta.get("col"),
     754                    start=table_parts[-2].meta.get("start"),
     755                    end=table_parts[-1].meta.get("end"),
     756                )
     757                table.set("this", new_this)
     758                table.set("db", seq_get(table_parts, -3))
     759                table.set("catalog", seq_get(table_parts, -4))
     760
     761            return table
     762
     763        def _parse_column(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     764            column = super()._parse_column()
     765            if isinstance(column, exp.Column):
     766                parts = column.parts
     767                if any("." in p.name for p in parts):
     768                    catalog, db, table, this, *rest = (
     769                        exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
     770                        for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in parts), ".", 4)
     771                    )
     772
     773                    if rest and this:
     774                        this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
     775
     776                    column = exp.Column(this=this, table=table, db=db, catalog=catalog)
     777                    column.meta["quoted_column"] = True
     778
     779            return column
     780
     781        @t.overload
     782        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[False]) -> exp.JSONObject: ...
     783
     784        @t.overload
     785        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[True]) -> exp.JSONObjectAgg: ...
     786
     787        def _parse_json_object(self, agg=False):
     788            json_object = super()._parse_json_object()
     789            array_kv_pair = seq_get(json_object.expressions, 0)
     790
     791            # Converts BQ's "signature 2" of JSON_OBJECT into SQLGlot's canonical representation
     792            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/json_functions#json_object_signature2
     793            if (
     794                array_kv_pair
     795                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.this, exp.Array)
     796                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.expression, exp.Array)
     797            ):
     798                keys = array_kv_pair.this.expressions
     799                values = array_kv_pair.expression.expressions
     800
     801                json_object.set(
     802                    "expressions",
     803                    [exp.JSONKeyValue(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(keys, values)],
     804                )
     805
     806            return json_object
     807
     808        def _parse_bracket(
     809            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     810        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     811            bracket = super()._parse_bracket(this)
     812
     813            if this is bracket:
     814                return bracket
     815
     816            if isinstance(bracket, exp.Bracket):
     817                for expression in bracket.expressions:
     818                    name = expression.name.upper()
     819
     820                    if name not in self.BRACKET_OFFSETS:
     821                        break
     822
     823                    offset, safe = self.BRACKET_OFFSETS[name]
     824                    bracket.set("offset", offset)
     825                    bracket.set("safe", safe)
     826                    expression.replace(expression.expressions[0])
     827
     828            return bracket
     829
     830        def _parse_unnest(self, with_alias: bool = True) -> t.Optional[exp.Unnest]:
     831            unnest = super()._parse_unnest(with_alias=with_alias)
     832
     833            if not unnest:
     834                return None
     835
     836            unnest_expr = seq_get(unnest.expressions, 0)
     837            if unnest_expr:
     838                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     839
     840                unnest_expr = annotate_types(unnest_expr, dialect=self.dialect)
     841
     842                # Unnesting a nested array (i.e array of structs) explodes the top-level struct fields,
     843                # in contrast to other dialects such as DuckDB which flattens only the array by default
     844                if unnest_expr.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY) and any(
     845                    array_elem.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
     846                    for array_elem in unnest_expr._type.expressions
     847                ):
     848                    unnest.set("explode_array", True)
     849
     850            return unnest
     851
     852        def _parse_make_interval(self) -> exp.MakeInterval:
     853            expr = exp.MakeInterval()
     854
     855            for arg_key in expr.arg_types:
     856                value = self._parse_lambda()
     857
     858                if not value:
     859                    break
     860
     861                # Non-named arguments are filled sequentially, (optionally) followed by named arguments
     862                # that can appear in any order e.g MAKE_INTERVAL(1, minute => 5, day => 2)
     863                if isinstance(value, exp.Kwarg):
     864                    arg_key = value.this.name
     865
     866                expr.set(arg_key, value)
     867
     868                self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     869
     870            return expr
     871
     872        def _parse_features_at_time(self) -> exp.FeaturesAtTime:
     873            expr = self.expression(
     874                exp.FeaturesAtTime,
     875                this=(self._match(TokenType.TABLE) and self._parse_table())
     876                or self._parse_select(nested=True),
     877            )
     878
     879            while self._match(TokenType.COMMA):
     880                arg = self._parse_lambda()
     881
     882                # Get the LHS of the Kwarg and set the arg to that value, e.g
     883                # "num_rows => 1" sets the expr's `num_rows` arg
     884                if arg:
     885                    expr.set(arg.this.name, arg)
     886
     887            return expr
     888
     889        def _parse_export_data(self) -> exp.Export:
     890            self._match_text_seq("DATA")
     891
     892            return self.expression(
     893                exp.Export,
     894                connection=self._match_text_seq("WITH", "CONNECTION") and self._parse_table_parts(),
     895                options=self._parse_properties(),
     896                this=self._match_text_seq("AS") and self._parse_select(),
     897            )
     898
     899    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     900        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
     901        JOIN_HINTS = False
     902        QUERY_HINTS = False
     903        TABLE_HINTS = False
     904        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
     905        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
     906        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
     907        UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
     908        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     909        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     910        SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
     911        UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
     912        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     913        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
     914        IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
     915        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
     916        CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
     917        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
     918        NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = "@"
     919        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
     920        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "OPTIONS"
     921        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     922        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     923        SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS = True
     924
     925        TRANSFORMS = {
     926            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     927            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     928            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
     929            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
     930            exp.Array: inline_array_unless_query,
     931            exp.ArrayContains: _array_contains_sql,
     932            exp.ArrayFilter: filter_array_using_unnest,
     933            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
     934            exp.CollateProperty: lambda self, e: (
     935                f"DEFAULT COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
     936                if e.args.get("default")
     937                else f"COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
     938            ),
     939            exp.Commit: lambda *_: "COMMIT TRANSACTION",
     940            exp.CountIf: rename_func("COUNTIF"),
     941            exp.Create: _create_sql,
     942            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([_pushdown_cte_column_names]),
     943            exp.DateAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
     944            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     945                "DATE_DIFF", e.this, e.expression, unit_to_var(e)
     946            ),
     947            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATE"),
     948            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     949            exp.DateSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
     950            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
     951            exp.DatetimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
     952            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func(
     953                "DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit"), e.args.get("zone")
     954            ),
     955            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     956                "DATETIME", self.func("TIMESTAMP", e.this, e.args.get("zone")), "'UTC'"
     957            ),
     958            exp.GenerateSeries: rename_func("GENERATE_ARRAY"),
     959            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(
     960                self, e, func_name="STRING_AGG", within_group=False
     961            ),
     962            exp.Hex: lambda self, e: self.func("UPPER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.sql(e, "this"))),
     963            exp.HexString: lambda self, e: self.hexstring_sql(e, binary_function_repr="FROM_HEX"),
     964            exp.If: if_sql(false_value="NULL"),
     965            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
     966            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
     967            exp.Int64: rename_func("INT64"),
     968            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
     969            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_sql,
     970            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
     971            exp.JSONFormat: rename_func("TO_JSON_STRING"),
     972            exp.Levenshtein: _levenshtein_sql,
     973            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     974            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
     975            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
     976            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     977            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     978            exp.RegexpExtract: lambda self, e: self.func(
     979                "REGEXP_EXTRACT",
     980                e.this,
     981                e.expression,
     982                e.args.get("position"),
     983                e.args.get("occurrence"),
     984            ),
     985            exp.RegexpExtractAll: lambda self, e: self.func(
     986                "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL", e.this, e.expression
     987            ),
     988            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
     989            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
     990            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
     991            exp.Rollback: lambda *_: "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION",
     992            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     993                [
     994                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
     995                    transforms.unqualify_unnest,
     996                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     997                    _alias_ordered_group,
     998                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     999                ]
    1000            ),
    1001            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1002            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    1003            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: (
    1004                "DETERMINISTIC" if e.name == "IMMUTABLE" else "NOT DETERMINISTIC"
    1005            ),
    1006            exp.String: rename_func("STRING"),
    1007            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: (
    1008                strposition_sql(
    1009                    self, e, func_name="INSTR", supports_position=True, supports_occurrence=True
    1010                )
    1011            ),
    1012            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_datetime_sql,
    1013            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_datetime_sql,
    1014            exp.TimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
    1015            exp.TimeFromParts: rename_func("TIME"),
    1016            exp.TimestampFromParts: rename_func("DATETIME"),
    1017            exp.TimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
    1018            exp.TimestampAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
    1019            exp.TimestampDiff: rename_func("TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
    1020            exp.TimestampSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
    1021            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1022            exp.Transaction: lambda *_: "BEGIN TRANSACTION",
    1023            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    1024            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    1025            exp.TsOrDsToTime: rename_func("TIME"),
    1026            exp.TsOrDsToDatetime: rename_func("DATETIME"),
    1027            exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp: rename_func("TIMESTAMP"),
    1028            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    1029            exp.UnixDate: rename_func("UNIX_DATE"),
    1030            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    1031            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "GENERATE_UUID()",
    1032            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
    1033            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    1034            exp.SafeDivide: rename_func("SAFE_DIVIDE"),
    1035        }
    1036
    1037        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1038            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1039            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1040            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1041        }
    1042
    1043        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1044            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1045            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
    1046            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
    1047            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
    1048            exp.DataType.Type.BLOB: "BYTES",
    1049            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
    1050            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
    1051            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
    1052            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
    1053            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
    1054            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
    1055            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
    1056            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
    1057            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
    1058            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    1059            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
    1060            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME",
    1061            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    1062            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    1063            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
    1064            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BYTES",
    1065            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "STRING",
    1066            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
    1067            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
    1068            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
    1069        }
    1070
    1071        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1072            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1073            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1074            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1075        }
    1076
    1077        # WINDOW comes after QUALIFY
    1078        # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/query-syntax#window_clause
    1079        AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {
    1080            "qualify": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["qualify"],
    1081            "windows": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["windows"],
    1082        }
    1083
    1084        # from: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#reserved_keywords
    1085        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    1086            "all",
    1087            "and",
    1088            "any",
    1089            "array",
    1090            "as",
    1091            "asc",
    1092            "assert_rows_modified",
    1093            "at",
    1094            "between",
    1095            "by",
    1096            "case",
    1097            "cast",
    1098            "collate",
    1099            "contains",
    1100            "create",
    1101            "cross",
    1102            "cube",
    1103            "current",
    1104            "default",
    1105            "define",
    1106            "desc",
    1107            "distinct",
    1108            "else",
    1109            "end",
    1110            "enum",
    1111            "escape",
    1112            "except",
    1113            "exclude",
    1114            "exists",
    1115            "extract",
    1116            "false",
    1117            "fetch",
    1118            "following",
    1119            "for",
    1120            "from",
    1121            "full",
    1122            "group",
    1123            "grouping",
    1124            "groups",
    1125            "hash",
    1126            "having",
    1127            "if",
    1128            "ignore",
    1129            "in",
    1130            "inner",
    1131            "intersect",
    1132            "interval",
    1133            "into",
    1134            "is",
    1135            "join",
    1136            "lateral",
    1137            "left",
    1138            "like",
    1139            "limit",
    1140            "lookup",
    1141            "merge",
    1142            "natural",
    1143            "new",
    1144            "no",
    1145            "not",
    1146            "null",
    1147            "nulls",
    1148            "of",
    1149            "on",
    1150            "or",
    1151            "order",
    1152            "outer",
    1153            "over",
    1154            "partition",
    1155            "preceding",
    1156            "proto",
    1157            "qualify",
    1158            "range",
    1159            "recursive",
    1160            "respect",
    1161            "right",
    1162            "rollup",
    1163            "rows",
    1164            "select",
    1165            "set",
    1166            "some",
    1167            "struct",
    1168            "tablesample",
    1169            "then",
    1170            "to",
    1171            "treat",
    1172            "true",
    1173            "unbounded",
    1174            "union",
    1175            "unnest",
    1176            "using",
    1177            "when",
    1178            "where",
    1179            "window",
    1180            "with",
    1181            "within",
    1182        }
    1183
    1184        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
    1185            this = expression.this
    1186            expr = expression.expression
    1187            return self.func(
    1188                "MOD",
    1189                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
    1190                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
    1191            )
    1192
    1193        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
    1194            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
    1195                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
    1196                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
    1197                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
    1198                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1199                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1200
    1201            return super().column_parts(expression)
    1202
    1203        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
    1204            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
    1205            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
    1206            #
    1207            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
    1208            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
    1209            #
    1210            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
    1211            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
    1212            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
    1213                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
    1214                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1215
    1216            return super().table_parts(expression)
    1217
    1218        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1219            this = expression.this
    1220            if isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToDatetime):
    1221                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
    1222            elif isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1223                func_name = "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP"
    1224            else:
    1225                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
    1226
    1227            time_expr = (
    1228                this
    1229                if isinstance(this, (exp.TsOrDsToDatetime, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
    1230                else expression
    1231            )
    1232            return self.func(
    1233                func_name, self.format_time(expression), time_expr.this, expression.args.get("zone")
    1234            )
    1235
    1236        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
    1237            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
    1238            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
    1239                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
    1240                    return "NULL"
    1241
    1242            return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1243
    1244        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
    1245            parent = expression.parent
    1246
    1247            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
    1248            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
    1249            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
    1250                return self.func(
    1251                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
    1252                )
    1253
    1254            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
    1255
    1256        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1257            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
    1258
    1259        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    1260            this = expression.this
    1261            expressions = expression.expressions
    1262
    1263            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
    1264                arg = expressions[0]
    1265                if arg.type is None:
    1266                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1267
    1268                    arg = annotate_types(arg, dialect=self.dialect)
    1269
    1270                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
    1271                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
    1272                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
    1273
    1274            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1275            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1276
    1277            if offset == 0:
    1278                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
    1279            elif offset == 1:
    1280                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
    1281            elif offset is not None:
    1282                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
    1283
    1284            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    1285                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
    1286
    1287            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
    1288
    1289        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1290            return self.sql(expression)
    1291
    1292        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1293            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
    1294                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
    1295            return super().version_sql(expression)
    1296
    1297        def contains_sql(self, expression: exp.Contains) -> str:
    1298            this = expression.this
    1299            expr = expression.expression
    1300
    1301            if isinstance(this, exp.Lower) and isinstance(expr, exp.Lower):
    1302                this = this.this
    1303                expr = expr.this
    1304
    1305            return self.func("CONTAINS_SUBSTR", this, expr)
    1306
    1307        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1308            this = expression.this
    1309
    1310            # This ensures that inline type-annotated ARRAY literals like ARRAY<INT64>[1, 2, 3]
    1311            # are roundtripped unaffected. The inner check excludes ARRAY(SELECT ...) expressions,
    1312            # because they aren't literals and so the above syntax is invalid BigQuery.
    1313            if isinstance(this, exp.Array):
    1314                elem = seq_get(this.expressions, 0)
    1315                if not (elem and elem.find(exp.Query)):
    1316                    return f"{self.sql(expression, 'to')}{self.sql(this)}"
    1317
    1318            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

logger = <Logger sqlglot (WARNING)>
JSON_EXTRACT_TYPE = typing.Union[sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract, sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar, sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray]
DQUOTES_ESCAPING_JSON_FUNCTIONS = ('JSON_QUERY', 'JSON_VALUE', 'JSON_QUERY_ARRAY')
class BigQuery(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     368class BigQuery(Dialect):
     369    WEEK_OFFSET = -1
     370    UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = True
     371    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     372    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     373    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
     374    HEX_LOWERCASE = True
     375    FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION = True
     376    PRESERVE_ORIGINAL_NAMES = True
     377    HEX_STRING_IS_INTEGER_TYPE = True
     378
     379    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#case_sensitivity
     380    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
     381
     382    # bigquery udfs are case sensitive
     383    NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS = False
     384
     385    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/format-elements#format_elements_date_time
     386    TIME_MAPPING = {
     387        "%D": "%m/%d/%y",
     388        "%E6S": "%S.%f",
     389        "%e": "%-d",
     390    }
     391
     392    FORMAT_MAPPING = {
     393        "DD": "%d",
     394        "MM": "%m",
     395        "MON": "%b",
     396        "MONTH": "%B",
     397        "YYYY": "%Y",
     398        "YY": "%y",
     399        "HH": "%I",
     400        "HH12": "%I",
     401        "HH24": "%H",
     402        "MI": "%M",
     403        "SS": "%S",
     404        "SSSSS": "%f",
     405        "TZH": "%z",
     406    }
     407
     408    # The _PARTITIONTIME and _PARTITIONDATE pseudo-columns are not returned by a SELECT * statement
     409    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/querying-partitioned-tables#query_an_ingestion-time_partitioned_table
     410    PSEUDOCOLUMNS = {"_PARTITIONTIME", "_PARTITIONDATE"}
     411
     412    # All set operations require either a DISTINCT or ALL specifier
     413    SET_OP_DISTINCT_BY_DEFAULT = dict.fromkeys((exp.Except, exp.Intersect, exp.Union), None)
     414
     415    # BigQuery maps Type.TIMESTAMP to DATETIME, so we need to amend the inferred types
     416    TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS = {
     417        **Dialect.TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS,
     418        exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: Dialect.TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS[exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP],
     419    }
     420    TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS.pop(exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
     421
     422    ANNOTATORS = {
     423        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
     424        **{
     425            expr_type: annotate_with_type_lambda(data_type)
     426            for data_type, expressions in TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS.items()
     427            for expr_type in expressions
     428        },
     429        **{
     430            expr_type: lambda self, e: _annotate_math_functions(self, e)
     431            for expr_type in (exp.Floor, exp.Ceil, exp.Log, exp.Ln, exp.Sqrt, exp.Exp, exp.Round)
     432        },
     433        **{
     434            expr_type: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
     435            for expr_type in (
     436                exp.Left,
     437                exp.Right,
     438                exp.Lower,
     439                exp.Upper,
     440                exp.Pad,
     441                exp.Trim,
     442                exp.RegexpExtract,
     443                exp.RegexpReplace,
     444                exp.Repeat,
     445                exp.Substring,
     446            )
     447        },
     448        exp.Concat: _annotate_concat,
     449        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
     450        exp.Split: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", array=True),
     451    }
     452
     453    def normalize_identifier(self, expression: E) -> E:
     454        if (
     455            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     456            and self.normalization_strategy is NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
     457        ):
     458            parent = expression.parent
     459            while isinstance(parent, exp.Dot):
     460                parent = parent.parent
     461
     462            # In BigQuery, CTEs are case-insensitive, but UDF and table names are case-sensitive
     463            # by default. The following check uses a heuristic to detect tables based on whether
     464            # they are qualified. This should generally be correct, because tables in BigQuery
     465            # must be qualified with at least a dataset, unless @@dataset_id is set.
     466            case_sensitive = (
     467                isinstance(parent, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
     468                or (
     469                    isinstance(parent, exp.Table)
     470                    and parent.db
     471                    and (parent.meta.get("quoted_table") or not parent.meta.get("maybe_column"))
     472                )
     473                or expression.meta.get("is_table")
     474            )
     475            if not case_sensitive:
     476                expression.set("this", expression.this.lower())
     477
     478            return t.cast(E, expression)
     479
     480        return super().normalize_identifier(expression)
     481
     482    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     483        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
     484        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
     485        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
     486        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
     487
     488        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
     489
     490        BYTE_STRINGS = [
     491            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
     492        ]
     493
     494        RAW_STRINGS = [
     495            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
     496        ]
     497
     498        KEYWORDS = {
     499            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     500            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
     501            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
     502            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
     503            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     504            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
     505            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
     506            "DATETIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
     507            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     508            "ELSEIF": TokenType.COMMAND,
     509            "EXCEPTION": TokenType.COMMAND,
     510            "EXPORT": TokenType.EXPORT,
     511            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     512            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
     513            "MODEL": TokenType.MODEL,
     514            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
     515            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
     516            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     517        }
     518        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
     519        KEYWORDS.pop("VALUES")
     520        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     521
     522    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     523        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
     524        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
     525        SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
     526
     527        FUNCTIONS = {
     528            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     529            "CONTAINS_SUBSTR": _build_contains_substring,
     530            "DATE": _build_date,
     531            "DATE_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
     532            "DATE_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
     533            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
     534                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
     535                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     536                zone=seq_get(args, 2),
     537            ),
     538            "DATETIME": _build_datetime,
     539            "DATETIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
     540            "DATETIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
     541            "DIV": binary_from_function(exp.IntDiv),
     542            "EDIT_DISTANCE": _build_levenshtein,
     543            "FORMAT_DATE": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate),
     544            "GENERATE_ARRAY": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
     545            "JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
     546            "JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractArray),
     547            "JSON_QUERY": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtract),
     548            "JSON_QUERY_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractArray),
     549            "JSON_VALUE": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
     550            "JSON_VALUE_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONValueArray),
     551            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     552            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
     553            "TO_HEX": _build_to_hex,
     554            "PARSE_DATE": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToDate, "bigquery")(
     555                [seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)]
     556            ),
     557            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": _build_parse_timestamp,
     558            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     559            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     560            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     561            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(
     562                exp.RegexpExtractAll, default_group=exp.Literal.number(0)
     563            ),
     564            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
     565            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
     566            "SPLIT": lambda args: exp.Split(
     567                # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#split
     568                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     569                expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
     570            ),
     571            "STRPOS": exp.StrPosition.from_arg_list,
     572            "TIME": _build_time,
     573            "TIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
     574            "TIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
     575            "TIMESTAMP": _build_timestamp,
     576            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
     577            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
     578            "TIMESTAMP_MICROS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
     579                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MICROS
     580            ),
     581            "TIMESTAMP_MILLIS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
     582                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS
     583            ),
     584            "TIMESTAMP_SECONDS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     585            "TO_JSON_STRING": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
     586            "FORMAT_DATETIME": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToDatetime),
     587            "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp),
     588        }
     589
     590        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     591            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     592            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
     593            "MAKE_INTERVAL": lambda self: self._parse_make_interval(),
     594            "FEATURES_AT_TIME": lambda self: self._parse_features_at_time(),
     595        }
     596        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     597
     598        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
     599            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
     600            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
     601        }
     602
     603        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
     604            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
     605            TokenType.TABLE,
     606        }
     607
     608        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     609            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     610            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
     611                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
     612            ),
     613            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
     614        }
     615
     616        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     617            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     618            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
     619        }
     620
     621        RANGE_PARSERS = parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS.copy()
     622        RANGE_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.OVERLAPS)
     623
     624        NULL_TOKENS = {TokenType.NULL, TokenType.UNKNOWN}
     625
     626        DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS = {TokenType.DOT, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN}
     627
     628        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     629            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     630            TokenType.ELSE: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
     631            TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
     632            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: self._parse_for_in(),
     633            TokenType.EXPORT: lambda self: self._parse_export_data(),
     634        }
     635
     636        BRACKET_OFFSETS = {
     637            "OFFSET": (0, False),
     638            "ORDINAL": (1, False),
     639            "SAFE_OFFSET": (0, True),
     640            "SAFE_ORDINAL": (1, True),
     641        }
     642
     643        def _parse_for_in(self) -> exp.ForIn:
     644            this = self._parse_range()
     645            self._match_text_seq("DO")
     646            return self.expression(exp.ForIn, this=this, expression=self._parse_statement())
     647
     648        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     649            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema) or self._parse_number()
     650
     651            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
     652            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
     653                table_name = this.name
     654                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
     655                    start = self._curr
     656                    while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     657                        self.DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS, advance=False
     658                    ):
     659                        self._advance()
     660
     661                    if start == self._curr:
     662                        break
     663
     664                    table_name += self._find_sql(start, self._prev)
     665
     666                this = exp.Identifier(
     667                    this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted")
     668                ).update_positions(this)
     669            elif isinstance(this, exp.Literal):
     670                table_name = this.name
     671
     672                if self._is_connected() and self._parse_var(any_token=True):
     673                    table_name += self._prev.text
     674
     675                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=True).update_positions(this)
     676
     677            return this
     678
     679        def _parse_table_parts(
     680            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     681        ) -> exp.Table:
     682            table = super()._parse_table_parts(
     683                schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference, wildcard=True
     684            )
     685
     686            # proj-1.db.tbl -- `1.` is tokenized as a float so we need to unravel it here
     687            if not table.catalog:
     688                if table.db:
     689                    previous_db = table.args["db"]
     690                    parts = table.db.split(".")
     691                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.args["db"].quoted:
     692                        table.set(
     693                            "catalog", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]).update_positions(previous_db)
     694                        )
     695                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]).update_positions(previous_db))
     696                else:
     697                    previous_this = table.this
     698                    parts = table.name.split(".")
     699                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.this.quoted:
     700                        table.set(
     701                            "db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]).update_positions(previous_this)
     702                        )
     703                        table.set(
     704                            "this", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]).update_positions(previous_this)
     705                        )
     706
     707            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and any("." in p.name for p in table.parts):
     708                alias = table.this
     709                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
     710                    exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
     711                    for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in table.parts), ".", 3)
     712                )
     713
     714                for part in (catalog, db, this):
     715                    if part:
     716                        part.update_positions(table.this)
     717
     718                if rest and this:
     719                    this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
     720
     721                table = exp.Table(
     722                    this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog, pivots=table.args.get("pivots")
     723                )
     724                table.meta["quoted_table"] = True
     725            else:
     726                alias = None
     727
     728            # The `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` views in BigQuery need to be qualified by a region or
     729            # dataset, so if the project identifier is omitted we need to fix the ast so that
     730            # the `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.X` bit is represented as a single (quoted) Identifier.
     731            # Otherwise, we wouldn't correctly qualify a `Table` node that references these
     732            # views, because it would seem like the "catalog" part is set, when it'd actually
     733            # be the region/dataset. Merging the two identifiers into a single one is done to
     734            # avoid producing a 4-part Table reference, which would cause issues in the schema
     735            # module, when there are 3-part table names mixed with information schema views.
     736            #
     737            # See: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/information-schema-intro#syntax
     738            table_parts = table.parts
     739            if len(table_parts) > 1 and table_parts[-2].name.upper() == "INFORMATION_SCHEMA":
     740                # We need to alias the table here to avoid breaking existing qualified columns.
     741                # This is expected to be safe, because if there's an actual alias coming up in
     742                # the token stream, it will overwrite this one. If there isn't one, we are only
     743                # exposing the name that can be used to reference the view explicitly (a no-op).
     744                exp.alias_(
     745                    table,
     746                    t.cast(exp.Identifier, alias or table_parts[-1]),
     747                    table=True,
     748                    copy=False,
     749                )
     750
     751                info_schema_view = f"{table_parts[-2].name}.{table_parts[-1].name}"
     752                new_this = exp.Identifier(this=info_schema_view, quoted=True).update_positions(
     753                    line=table_parts[-2].meta.get("line"),
     754                    col=table_parts[-1].meta.get("col"),
     755                    start=table_parts[-2].meta.get("start"),
     756                    end=table_parts[-1].meta.get("end"),
     757                )
     758                table.set("this", new_this)
     759                table.set("db", seq_get(table_parts, -3))
     760                table.set("catalog", seq_get(table_parts, -4))
     761
     762            return table
     763
     764        def _parse_column(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     765            column = super()._parse_column()
     766            if isinstance(column, exp.Column):
     767                parts = column.parts
     768                if any("." in p.name for p in parts):
     769                    catalog, db, table, this, *rest = (
     770                        exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
     771                        for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in parts), ".", 4)
     772                    )
     773
     774                    if rest and this:
     775                        this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
     776
     777                    column = exp.Column(this=this, table=table, db=db, catalog=catalog)
     778                    column.meta["quoted_column"] = True
     779
     780            return column
     781
     782        @t.overload
     783        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[False]) -> exp.JSONObject: ...
     784
     785        @t.overload
     786        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[True]) -> exp.JSONObjectAgg: ...
     787
     788        def _parse_json_object(self, agg=False):
     789            json_object = super()._parse_json_object()
     790            array_kv_pair = seq_get(json_object.expressions, 0)
     791
     792            # Converts BQ's "signature 2" of JSON_OBJECT into SQLGlot's canonical representation
     793            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/json_functions#json_object_signature2
     794            if (
     795                array_kv_pair
     796                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.this, exp.Array)
     797                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.expression, exp.Array)
     798            ):
     799                keys = array_kv_pair.this.expressions
     800                values = array_kv_pair.expression.expressions
     801
     802                json_object.set(
     803                    "expressions",
     804                    [exp.JSONKeyValue(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(keys, values)],
     805                )
     806
     807            return json_object
     808
     809        def _parse_bracket(
     810            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     811        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     812            bracket = super()._parse_bracket(this)
     813
     814            if this is bracket:
     815                return bracket
     816
     817            if isinstance(bracket, exp.Bracket):
     818                for expression in bracket.expressions:
     819                    name = expression.name.upper()
     820
     821                    if name not in self.BRACKET_OFFSETS:
     822                        break
     823
     824                    offset, safe = self.BRACKET_OFFSETS[name]
     825                    bracket.set("offset", offset)
     826                    bracket.set("safe", safe)
     827                    expression.replace(expression.expressions[0])
     828
     829            return bracket
     830
     831        def _parse_unnest(self, with_alias: bool = True) -> t.Optional[exp.Unnest]:
     832            unnest = super()._parse_unnest(with_alias=with_alias)
     833
     834            if not unnest:
     835                return None
     836
     837            unnest_expr = seq_get(unnest.expressions, 0)
     838            if unnest_expr:
     839                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     840
     841                unnest_expr = annotate_types(unnest_expr, dialect=self.dialect)
     842
     843                # Unnesting a nested array (i.e array of structs) explodes the top-level struct fields,
     844                # in contrast to other dialects such as DuckDB which flattens only the array by default
     845                if unnest_expr.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY) and any(
     846                    array_elem.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
     847                    for array_elem in unnest_expr._type.expressions
     848                ):
     849                    unnest.set("explode_array", True)
     850
     851            return unnest
     852
     853        def _parse_make_interval(self) -> exp.MakeInterval:
     854            expr = exp.MakeInterval()
     855
     856            for arg_key in expr.arg_types:
     857                value = self._parse_lambda()
     858
     859                if not value:
     860                    break
     861
     862                # Non-named arguments are filled sequentially, (optionally) followed by named arguments
     863                # that can appear in any order e.g MAKE_INTERVAL(1, minute => 5, day => 2)
     864                if isinstance(value, exp.Kwarg):
     865                    arg_key = value.this.name
     866
     867                expr.set(arg_key, value)
     868
     869                self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     870
     871            return expr
     872
     873        def _parse_features_at_time(self) -> exp.FeaturesAtTime:
     874            expr = self.expression(
     875                exp.FeaturesAtTime,
     876                this=(self._match(TokenType.TABLE) and self._parse_table())
     877                or self._parse_select(nested=True),
     878            )
     879
     880            while self._match(TokenType.COMMA):
     881                arg = self._parse_lambda()
     882
     883                # Get the LHS of the Kwarg and set the arg to that value, e.g
     884                # "num_rows => 1" sets the expr's `num_rows` arg
     885                if arg:
     886                    expr.set(arg.this.name, arg)
     887
     888            return expr
     889
     890        def _parse_export_data(self) -> exp.Export:
     891            self._match_text_seq("DATA")
     892
     893            return self.expression(
     894                exp.Export,
     895                connection=self._match_text_seq("WITH", "CONNECTION") and self._parse_table_parts(),
     896                options=self._parse_properties(),
     897                this=self._match_text_seq("AS") and self._parse_select(),
     898            )
     899
     900    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     901        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
     902        JOIN_HINTS = False
     903        QUERY_HINTS = False
     904        TABLE_HINTS = False
     905        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
     906        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
     907        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
     908        UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
     909        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     910        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     911        SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
     912        UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
     913        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     914        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
     915        IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
     916        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
     917        CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
     918        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
     919        NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = "@"
     920        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
     921        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "OPTIONS"
     922        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     923        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     924        SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS = True
     925
     926        TRANSFORMS = {
     927            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     928            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     929            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
     930            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
     931            exp.Array: inline_array_unless_query,
     932            exp.ArrayContains: _array_contains_sql,
     933            exp.ArrayFilter: filter_array_using_unnest,
     934            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
     935            exp.CollateProperty: lambda self, e: (
     936                f"DEFAULT COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
     937                if e.args.get("default")
     938                else f"COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
     939            ),
     940            exp.Commit: lambda *_: "COMMIT TRANSACTION",
     941            exp.CountIf: rename_func("COUNTIF"),
     942            exp.Create: _create_sql,
     943            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([_pushdown_cte_column_names]),
     944            exp.DateAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
     945            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     946                "DATE_DIFF", e.this, e.expression, unit_to_var(e)
     947            ),
     948            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATE"),
     949            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     950            exp.DateSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
     951            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
     952            exp.DatetimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
     953            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func(
     954                "DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit"), e.args.get("zone")
     955            ),
     956            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     957                "DATETIME", self.func("TIMESTAMP", e.this, e.args.get("zone")), "'UTC'"
     958            ),
     959            exp.GenerateSeries: rename_func("GENERATE_ARRAY"),
     960            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(
     961                self, e, func_name="STRING_AGG", within_group=False
     962            ),
     963            exp.Hex: lambda self, e: self.func("UPPER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.sql(e, "this"))),
     964            exp.HexString: lambda self, e: self.hexstring_sql(e, binary_function_repr="FROM_HEX"),
     965            exp.If: if_sql(false_value="NULL"),
     966            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
     967            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
     968            exp.Int64: rename_func("INT64"),
     969            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
     970            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_sql,
     971            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
     972            exp.JSONFormat: rename_func("TO_JSON_STRING"),
     973            exp.Levenshtein: _levenshtein_sql,
     974            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     975            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
     976            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
     977            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     978            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     979            exp.RegexpExtract: lambda self, e: self.func(
     980                "REGEXP_EXTRACT",
     981                e.this,
     982                e.expression,
     983                e.args.get("position"),
     984                e.args.get("occurrence"),
     985            ),
     986            exp.RegexpExtractAll: lambda self, e: self.func(
     987                "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL", e.this, e.expression
     988            ),
     989            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
     990            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
     991            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
     992            exp.Rollback: lambda *_: "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION",
     993            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     994                [
     995                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
     996                    transforms.unqualify_unnest,
     997                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     998                    _alias_ordered_group,
     999                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1000                ]
    1001            ),
    1002            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1003            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    1004            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: (
    1005                "DETERMINISTIC" if e.name == "IMMUTABLE" else "NOT DETERMINISTIC"
    1006            ),
    1007            exp.String: rename_func("STRING"),
    1008            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: (
    1009                strposition_sql(
    1010                    self, e, func_name="INSTR", supports_position=True, supports_occurrence=True
    1011                )
    1012            ),
    1013            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_datetime_sql,
    1014            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_datetime_sql,
    1015            exp.TimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
    1016            exp.TimeFromParts: rename_func("TIME"),
    1017            exp.TimestampFromParts: rename_func("DATETIME"),
    1018            exp.TimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
    1019            exp.TimestampAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
    1020            exp.TimestampDiff: rename_func("TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
    1021            exp.TimestampSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
    1022            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1023            exp.Transaction: lambda *_: "BEGIN TRANSACTION",
    1024            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    1025            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    1026            exp.TsOrDsToTime: rename_func("TIME"),
    1027            exp.TsOrDsToDatetime: rename_func("DATETIME"),
    1028            exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp: rename_func("TIMESTAMP"),
    1029            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    1030            exp.UnixDate: rename_func("UNIX_DATE"),
    1031            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    1032            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "GENERATE_UUID()",
    1033            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
    1034            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    1035            exp.SafeDivide: rename_func("SAFE_DIVIDE"),
    1036        }
    1037
    1038        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1039            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1040            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1041            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1042        }
    1043
    1044        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1045            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1046            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
    1047            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
    1048            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
    1049            exp.DataType.Type.BLOB: "BYTES",
    1050            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
    1051            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
    1052            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
    1053            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
    1054            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
    1055            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
    1056            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
    1057            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
    1058            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
    1059            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    1060            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
    1061            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME",
    1062            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    1063            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    1064            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
    1065            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BYTES",
    1066            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "STRING",
    1067            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
    1068            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
    1069            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
    1070        }
    1071
    1072        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1073            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1074            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1075            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1076        }
    1077
    1078        # WINDOW comes after QUALIFY
    1079        # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/query-syntax#window_clause
    1080        AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {
    1081            "qualify": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["qualify"],
    1082            "windows": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["windows"],
    1083        }
    1084
    1085        # from: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#reserved_keywords
    1086        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    1087            "all",
    1088            "and",
    1089            "any",
    1090            "array",
    1091            "as",
    1092            "asc",
    1093            "assert_rows_modified",
    1094            "at",
    1095            "between",
    1096            "by",
    1097            "case",
    1098            "cast",
    1099            "collate",
    1100            "contains",
    1101            "create",
    1102            "cross",
    1103            "cube",
    1104            "current",
    1105            "default",
    1106            "define",
    1107            "desc",
    1108            "distinct",
    1109            "else",
    1110            "end",
    1111            "enum",
    1112            "escape",
    1113            "except",
    1114            "exclude",
    1115            "exists",
    1116            "extract",
    1117            "false",
    1118            "fetch",
    1119            "following",
    1120            "for",
    1121            "from",
    1122            "full",
    1123            "group",
    1124            "grouping",
    1125            "groups",
    1126            "hash",
    1127            "having",
    1128            "if",
    1129            "ignore",
    1130            "in",
    1131            "inner",
    1132            "intersect",
    1133            "interval",
    1134            "into",
    1135            "is",
    1136            "join",
    1137            "lateral",
    1138            "left",
    1139            "like",
    1140            "limit",
    1141            "lookup",
    1142            "merge",
    1143            "natural",
    1144            "new",
    1145            "no",
    1146            "not",
    1147            "null",
    1148            "nulls",
    1149            "of",
    1150            "on",
    1151            "or",
    1152            "order",
    1153            "outer",
    1154            "over",
    1155            "partition",
    1156            "preceding",
    1157            "proto",
    1158            "qualify",
    1159            "range",
    1160            "recursive",
    1161            "respect",
    1162            "right",
    1163            "rollup",
    1164            "rows",
    1165            "select",
    1166            "set",
    1167            "some",
    1168            "struct",
    1169            "tablesample",
    1170            "then",
    1171            "to",
    1172            "treat",
    1173            "true",
    1174            "unbounded",
    1175            "union",
    1176            "unnest",
    1177            "using",
    1178            "when",
    1179            "where",
    1180            "window",
    1181            "with",
    1182            "within",
    1183        }
    1184
    1185        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
    1186            this = expression.this
    1187            expr = expression.expression
    1188            return self.func(
    1189                "MOD",
    1190                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
    1191                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
    1192            )
    1193
    1194        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
    1195            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
    1196                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
    1197                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
    1198                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
    1199                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1200                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1201
    1202            return super().column_parts(expression)
    1203
    1204        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
    1205            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
    1206            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
    1207            #
    1208            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
    1209            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
    1210            #
    1211            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
    1212            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
    1213            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
    1214                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
    1215                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1216
    1217            return super().table_parts(expression)
    1218
    1219        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1220            this = expression.this
    1221            if isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToDatetime):
    1222                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
    1223            elif isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1224                func_name = "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP"
    1225            else:
    1226                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
    1227
    1228            time_expr = (
    1229                this
    1230                if isinstance(this, (exp.TsOrDsToDatetime, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
    1231                else expression
    1232            )
    1233            return self.func(
    1234                func_name, self.format_time(expression), time_expr.this, expression.args.get("zone")
    1235            )
    1236
    1237        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
    1238            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
    1239            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
    1240                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
    1241                    return "NULL"
    1242
    1243            return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1244
    1245        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
    1246            parent = expression.parent
    1247
    1248            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
    1249            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
    1250            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
    1251                return self.func(
    1252                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
    1253                )
    1254
    1255            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
    1256
    1257        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1258            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
    1259
    1260        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    1261            this = expression.this
    1262            expressions = expression.expressions
    1263
    1264            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
    1265                arg = expressions[0]
    1266                if arg.type is None:
    1267                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1268
    1269                    arg = annotate_types(arg, dialect=self.dialect)
    1270
    1271                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
    1272                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
    1273                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
    1274
    1275            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1276            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1277
    1278            if offset == 0:
    1279                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
    1280            elif offset == 1:
    1281                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
    1282            elif offset is not None:
    1283                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
    1284
    1285            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    1286                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
    1287
    1288            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
    1289
    1290        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1291            return self.sql(expression)
    1292
    1293        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1294            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
    1295                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
    1296            return super().version_sql(expression)
    1297
    1298        def contains_sql(self, expression: exp.Contains) -> str:
    1299            this = expression.this
    1300            expr = expression.expression
    1301
    1302            if isinstance(this, exp.Lower) and isinstance(expr, exp.Lower):
    1303                this = this.this
    1304                expr = expr.this
    1305
    1306            return self.func("CONTAINS_SUBSTR", this, expr)
    1307
    1308        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1309            this = expression.this
    1310
    1311            # This ensures that inline type-annotated ARRAY literals like ARRAY<INT64>[1, 2, 3]
    1312            # are roundtripped unaffected. The inner check excludes ARRAY(SELECT ...) expressions,
    1313            # because they aren't literals and so the above syntax is invalid BigQuery.
    1314            if isinstance(this, exp.Array):
    1315                elem = seq_get(this.expressions, 0)
    1316                if not (elem and elem.find(exp.Query)):
    1317                    return f"{self.sql(expression, 'to')}{self.sql(this)}"
    1318
    1319            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

WEEK_OFFSET = -1

First day of the week in DATE_TRUNC(week). Defaults to 0 (Monday). -1 would be Sunday.

UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = True

Whether `UNNEST` table aliases are treated as column aliases.

SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = False

Whether the base comes first in the `LOG` function. Possible values: `True`, `False`, `None` (two arguments are not supported by `LOG`)

HEX_LOWERCASE = True

Whether the `HEX` function returns a lowercase hexadecimal string.

FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION = True

Whether alias reference expansion (_expand_alias_refs()) should run before column qualification (_qualify_columns()).

###### For example:

> WITH data AS ( SELECT 1 AS id, 2 AS my_id ) SELECT id AS my_id FROM data WHERE my_id = 1 GROUP BY my_id, HAVING my_id = 1

In most dialects, "my_id" would refer to "data.my_id" across the query, except: - BigQuery, which will forward the alias to GROUP BY + HAVING clauses i.e it resolves to "WHERE my_id = 1 GROUP BY id HAVING id = 1" - Clickhouse, which will forward the alias across the query i.e it resolves to "WHERE id = 1 GROUP BY id HAVING id = 1"

PRESERVE_ORIGINAL_NAMES: bool = True

Whether the name of the function should be preserved inside the node's metadata, can be useful for roundtripping deprecated vs new functions that share an AST node e.g JSON_VALUE vs JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR in BigQuery

HEX_STRING_IS_INTEGER_TYPE: bool = True

Whether hex strings such as x'CC' evaluate to integer or binary/blob type

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS: bool | str = False

Determines how function names are going to be normalized.

###### Possible values:

> "upper" or True: Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%D': '%m/%d/%y', '%E6S': '%S.%f', '%e': '%-d'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'DD': '%d', 'MM': '%m', 'MON': '%b', 'MONTH': '%B', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'HH': '%I', 'HH12': '%I', 'HH24': '%H', 'MI': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'SSSSS': '%f', 'TZH': '%z'}

Helper which is used for parsing the special syntax `CAST(x AS DATE FORMAT 'yyyy')`. If empty, the corresponding trie will be constructed off of `TIME_MAPPING`.

PSEUDOCOLUMNS: Set[str] = {'_PARTITIONTIME', '_PARTITIONDATE'}

Columns that are auto-generated by the engine corresponding to this dialect. For example, such columns may be excluded from `SELECT *` queries.

SET_OP_DISTINCT_BY_DEFAULT: Dict[Type[sqlglot.expressions.Expression], Optional[bool]] = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: None, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: None, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: None}

Whether a set operation uses DISTINCT by default. This is `None` when either `DISTINCT` or `ALL` must be explicitly specified.

TYPE_TO_EXPRESSIONS: Dict[sqlglot.expressions.DataType.Type, Set[Type[sqlglot.expressions.Expression]]] = {<Type.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>}, <Type.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.In'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Between'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Boolean'>}, <Type.DATE: 'DATE'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>}, <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>}, <Type.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>}, <Type.INT: 'INT'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>}, <Type.JSON: 'JSON'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>}, <Type.TIME: 'TIME'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>}, <Type.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>}, <Type.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToTimeStr'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDateStr'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDateStr'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DPipe'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>}, <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>}}
ANNOTATORS: Dict[Type[~E], Callable[[sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types.TypeAnnotator, ~E], ~E]] = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Alias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Neg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Not'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Paren'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAlias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Add'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Binary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Connector'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DPipe'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distance'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Div'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Dot'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Escape'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Glob'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILikeAny'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntDiv'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Is'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Kwarg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Like'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeAny'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mod'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mul'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeNEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PropertyEQ'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SimilarTo'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Slice'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sub'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.In'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Between'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Boolean'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>: <function BigQuery.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>: <function _annotate_concat>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToTimeStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDateStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDateStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Anonymous'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Bracket'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataType'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distinct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Filter'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Interval'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Literal'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Null'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unnest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>: <function BigQuery.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>: <function BigQuery.<lambda>>}
def normalize_identifier(self, expression: ~E) -> ~E: View Source

    453    def normalize_identifier(self, expression: E) -> E:
    454        if (
    455            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
    456            and self.normalization_strategy is NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    457        ):
    458            parent = expression.parent
    459            while isinstance(parent, exp.Dot):
    460                parent = parent.parent
    461
    462            # In BigQuery, CTEs are case-insensitive, but UDF and table names are case-sensitive
    463            # by default. The following check uses a heuristic to detect tables based on whether
    464            # they are qualified. This should generally be correct, because tables in BigQuery
    465            # must be qualified with at least a dataset, unless @@dataset_id is set.
    466            case_sensitive = (
    467                isinstance(parent, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
    468                or (
    469                    isinstance(parent, exp.Table)
    470                    and parent.db
    471                    and (parent.meta.get("quoted_table") or not parent.meta.get("maybe_column"))
    472                )
    473                or expression.meta.get("is_table")
    474            )
    475            if not case_sensitive:
    476                expression.set("this", expression.this.lower())
    477
    478            return t.cast(E, expression)
    479
    480        return super().normalize_identifier(expression)

Transforms an identifier in a way that resembles how it'd be resolved by this dialect.

For example, an identifier like `FoO` would be resolved as `foo` in Postgres, because it lowercases all unquoted identifiers. On the other hand, Snowflake uppercases them, so it would resolve it as `FOO`. If it was quoted, it'd need to be treated as case-sensitive, and so any normalization would be prohibited in order to avoid "breaking" the identifier.

There are also dialects like Spark, which are case-insensitive even when quotes are present, and dialects like MySQL, whose resolution rules match those employed by the underlying operating system, for example they may always be case-sensitive in Linux.

Finally, the normalization behavior of some engines can even be controlled through flags, like in Redshift's case, where users can explicitly set enable_case_sensitive_identifier.

SQLGlot aims to understand and handle all of these different behaviors gracefully, so that it can analyze queries in the optimizer and successfully capture their semantics.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'BigQuery.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'BigQuery.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'BigQuery.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'D': {0: True}, 'E': {'6': {'S': {0: True}}}, 'e': {0: True}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'D': {'D': {0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True, 'T': {'H': {0: True}}}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {0: True, '1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True, 'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}, 'T': {'Z': {'H': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%m/%d/%y': '%D', '%S.%f': '%E6S', '%-d': '%e'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'m': {'/': {'%': {'d': {'/': {'%': {'y': {0: True}}}}}}}, 'S': {'.': {'%': {'f': {0: True}}}}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%d': 'DD', '%m': 'MM', '%b': 'MON', '%B': 'MONTH', '%Y': 'YYYY', '%y': 'YY', '%I': 'HH12', '%H': 'HH24', '%M': 'MI', '%S': 'SS', '%f': 'SSSSS', '%z': 'TZH'}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'d': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'z': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '`'
IDENTIFIER_END = '`'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = '0x'
HEX_END: Optional[str] = ''
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = "b'"
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = "'"
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class BigQuery.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    482    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    483        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
    484        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
    485        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    486        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    487
    488        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
    489
    490        BYTE_STRINGS = [
    491            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
    492        ]
    493
    494        RAW_STRINGS = [
    495            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
    496        ]
    497
    498        KEYWORDS = {
    499            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    500            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
    501            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
    502            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
    503            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
    504            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
    505            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
    506            "DATETIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
    507            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    508            "ELSEIF": TokenType.COMMAND,
    509            "EXCEPTION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    510            "EXPORT": TokenType.EXPORT,
    511            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    512            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
    513            "MODEL": TokenType.MODEL,
    514            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
    515            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
    516            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    517        }
    518        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
    519        KEYWORDS.pop("VALUES")
    520        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")

QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
COMMENTS = ['--', '#', ('/*', '*/')]
IDENTIFIERS = ['`']
STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\']
HEX_STRINGS = [('0x', ''), ('0X', '')]
BYTE_STRINGS = [("b'", "'"), ("B'", "'"), ('b"', '"'), ('B"', '"'), ('b"""', '"""'), ('B"""', '"""'), ("b'''", "'''"), ("B'''", "'''")]
RAW_STRINGS = [("r'", "'"), ("R'", "'"), ('r"', '"'), ('R"', '"'), ('r"""', '"""'), ('R"""', '"""'), ("r'''", "'''"), ("R'''", "'''")]
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'ANY TYPE': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'BEGIN TRANSACTION': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'BYTES': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, 'DECLARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ELSEIF': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'EXCEPTION': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'EXPORT': <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, 'FLOAT64': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'FOR SYSTEM_TIME': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'MODEL': <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, 'NOT DETERMINISTIC': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'RECORD': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  SINGLE_TOKENS
  BIT_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class BigQuery.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    522    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    523        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
    524        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    525        SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
    526
    527        FUNCTIONS = {
    528            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    529            "CONTAINS_SUBSTR": _build_contains_substring,
    530            "DATE": _build_date,
    531            "DATE_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
    532            "DATE_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
    533            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
    534                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
    535                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    536                zone=seq_get(args, 2),
    537            ),
    538            "DATETIME": _build_datetime,
    539            "DATETIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
    540            "DATETIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
    541            "DIV": binary_from_function(exp.IntDiv),
    542            "EDIT_DISTANCE": _build_levenshtein,
    543            "FORMAT_DATE": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate),
    544            "GENERATE_ARRAY": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    545            "JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
    546            "JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractArray),
    547            "JSON_QUERY": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtract),
    548            "JSON_QUERY_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractArray),
    549            "JSON_VALUE": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
    550            "JSON_VALUE_ARRAY": _build_extract_json_with_default_path(exp.JSONValueArray),
    551            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    552            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    553            "TO_HEX": _build_to_hex,
    554            "PARSE_DATE": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToDate, "bigquery")(
    555                [seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)]
    556            ),
    557            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": _build_parse_timestamp,
    558            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    559            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    560            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    561            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(
    562                exp.RegexpExtractAll, default_group=exp.Literal.number(0)
    563            ),
    564            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    565            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    566            "SPLIT": lambda args: exp.Split(
    567                # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#split
    568                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    569                expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
    570            ),
    571            "STRPOS": exp.StrPosition.from_arg_list,
    572            "TIME": _build_time,
    573            "TIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
    574            "TIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
    575            "TIMESTAMP": _build_timestamp,
    576            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
    577            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
    578            "TIMESTAMP_MICROS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
    579                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MICROS
    580            ),
    581            "TIMESTAMP_MILLIS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
    582                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS
    583            ),
    584            "TIMESTAMP_SECONDS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    585            "TO_JSON_STRING": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    586            "FORMAT_DATETIME": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToDatetime),
    587            "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP": _build_format_time(exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp),
    588        }
    589
    590        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    591            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    592            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
    593            "MAKE_INTERVAL": lambda self: self._parse_make_interval(),
    594            "FEATURES_AT_TIME": lambda self: self._parse_features_at_time(),
    595        }
    596        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    597
    598        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
    599            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
    600            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
    601        }
    602
    603        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
    604            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
    605            TokenType.TABLE,
    606        }
    607
    608        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    609            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    610            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
    611                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
    612            ),
    613            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
    614        }
    615
    616        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    617            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    618            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
    619        }
    620
    621        RANGE_PARSERS = parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS.copy()
    622        RANGE_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.OVERLAPS)
    623
    624        NULL_TOKENS = {TokenType.NULL, TokenType.UNKNOWN}
    625
    626        DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS = {TokenType.DOT, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN}
    627
    628        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    629            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    630            TokenType.ELSE: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
    631            TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
    632            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: self._parse_for_in(),
    633            TokenType.EXPORT: lambda self: self._parse_export_data(),
    634        }
    635
    636        BRACKET_OFFSETS = {
    637            "OFFSET": (0, False),
    638            "ORDINAL": (1, False),
    639            "SAFE_OFFSET": (0, True),
    640            "SAFE_ORDINAL": (1, True),
    641        }
    642
    643        def _parse_for_in(self) -> exp.ForIn:
    644            this = self._parse_range()
    645            self._match_text_seq("DO")
    646            return self.expression(exp.ForIn, this=this, expression=self._parse_statement())
    647
    648        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    649            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema) or self._parse_number()
    650
    651            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
    652            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
    653                table_name = this.name
    654                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
    655                    start = self._curr
    656                    while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
    657                        self.DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS, advance=False
    658                    ):
    659                        self._advance()
    660
    661                    if start == self._curr:
    662                        break
    663
    664                    table_name += self._find_sql(start, self._prev)
    665
    666                this = exp.Identifier(
    667                    this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted")
    668                ).update_positions(this)
    669            elif isinstance(this, exp.Literal):
    670                table_name = this.name
    671
    672                if self._is_connected() and self._parse_var(any_token=True):
    673                    table_name += self._prev.text
    674
    675                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=True).update_positions(this)
    676
    677            return this
    678
    679        def _parse_table_parts(
    680            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
    681        ) -> exp.Table:
    682            table = super()._parse_table_parts(
    683                schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference, wildcard=True
    684            )
    685
    686            # proj-1.db.tbl -- `1.` is tokenized as a float so we need to unravel it here
    687            if not table.catalog:
    688                if table.db:
    689                    previous_db = table.args["db"]
    690                    parts = table.db.split(".")
    691                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.args["db"].quoted:
    692                        table.set(
    693                            "catalog", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]).update_positions(previous_db)
    694                        )
    695                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]).update_positions(previous_db))
    696                else:
    697                    previous_this = table.this
    698                    parts = table.name.split(".")
    699                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.this.quoted:
    700                        table.set(
    701                            "db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]).update_positions(previous_this)
    702                        )
    703                        table.set(
    704                            "this", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]).update_positions(previous_this)
    705                        )
    706
    707            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and any("." in p.name for p in table.parts):
    708                alias = table.this
    709                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
    710                    exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
    711                    for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in table.parts), ".", 3)
    712                )
    713
    714                for part in (catalog, db, this):
    715                    if part:
    716                        part.update_positions(table.this)
    717
    718                if rest and this:
    719                    this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
    720
    721                table = exp.Table(
    722                    this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog, pivots=table.args.get("pivots")
    723                )
    724                table.meta["quoted_table"] = True
    725            else:
    726                alias = None
    727
    728            # The `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` views in BigQuery need to be qualified by a region or
    729            # dataset, so if the project identifier is omitted we need to fix the ast so that
    730            # the `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.X` bit is represented as a single (quoted) Identifier.
    731            # Otherwise, we wouldn't correctly qualify a `Table` node that references these
    732            # views, because it would seem like the "catalog" part is set, when it'd actually
    733            # be the region/dataset. Merging the two identifiers into a single one is done to
    734            # avoid producing a 4-part Table reference, which would cause issues in the schema
    735            # module, when there are 3-part table names mixed with information schema views.
    736            #
    737            # See: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/information-schema-intro#syntax
    738            table_parts = table.parts
    739            if len(table_parts) > 1 and table_parts[-2].name.upper() == "INFORMATION_SCHEMA":
    740                # We need to alias the table here to avoid breaking existing qualified columns.
    741                # This is expected to be safe, because if there's an actual alias coming up in
    742                # the token stream, it will overwrite this one. If there isn't one, we are only
    743                # exposing the name that can be used to reference the view explicitly (a no-op).
    744                exp.alias_(
    745                    table,
    746                    t.cast(exp.Identifier, alias or table_parts[-1]),
    747                    table=True,
    748                    copy=False,
    749                )
    750
    751                info_schema_view = f"{table_parts[-2].name}.{table_parts[-1].name}"
    752                new_this = exp.Identifier(this=info_schema_view, quoted=True).update_positions(
    753                    line=table_parts[-2].meta.get("line"),
    754                    col=table_parts[-1].meta.get("col"),
    755                    start=table_parts[-2].meta.get("start"),
    756                    end=table_parts[-1].meta.get("end"),
    757                )
    758                table.set("this", new_this)
    759                table.set("db", seq_get(table_parts, -3))
    760                table.set("catalog", seq_get(table_parts, -4))
    761
    762            return table
    763
    764        def _parse_column(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    765            column = super()._parse_column()
    766            if isinstance(column, exp.Column):
    767                parts = column.parts
    768                if any("." in p.name for p in parts):
    769                    catalog, db, table, this, *rest = (
    770                        exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
    771                        for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in parts), ".", 4)
    772                    )
    773
    774                    if rest and this:
    775                        this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
    776
    777                    column = exp.Column(this=this, table=table, db=db, catalog=catalog)
    778                    column.meta["quoted_column"] = True
    779
    780            return column
    781
    782        @t.overload
    783        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[False]) -> exp.JSONObject: ...
    784
    785        @t.overload
    786        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[True]) -> exp.JSONObjectAgg: ...
    787
    788        def _parse_json_object(self, agg=False):
    789            json_object = super()._parse_json_object()
    790            array_kv_pair = seq_get(json_object.expressions, 0)
    791
    792            # Converts BQ's "signature 2" of JSON_OBJECT into SQLGlot's canonical representation
    793            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/json_functions#json_object_signature2
    794            if (
    795                array_kv_pair
    796                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.this, exp.Array)
    797                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.expression, exp.Array)
    798            ):
    799                keys = array_kv_pair.this.expressions
    800                values = array_kv_pair.expression.expressions
    801
    802                json_object.set(
    803                    "expressions",
    804                    [exp.JSONKeyValue(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(keys, values)],
    805                )
    806
    807            return json_object
    808
    809        def _parse_bracket(
    810            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
    811        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    812            bracket = super()._parse_bracket(this)
    813
    814            if this is bracket:
    815                return bracket
    816
    817            if isinstance(bracket, exp.Bracket):
    818                for expression in bracket.expressions:
    819                    name = expression.name.upper()
    820
    821                    if name not in self.BRACKET_OFFSETS:
    822                        break
    823
    824                    offset, safe = self.BRACKET_OFFSETS[name]
    825                    bracket.set("offset", offset)
    826                    bracket.set("safe", safe)
    827                    expression.replace(expression.expressions[0])
    828
    829            return bracket
    830
    831        def _parse_unnest(self, with_alias: bool = True) -> t.Optional[exp.Unnest]:
    832            unnest = super()._parse_unnest(with_alias=with_alias)
    833
    834            if not unnest:
    835                return None
    836
    837            unnest_expr = seq_get(unnest.expressions, 0)
    838            if unnest_expr:
    839                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    840
    841                unnest_expr = annotate_types(unnest_expr, dialect=self.dialect)
    842
    843                # Unnesting a nested array (i.e array of structs) explodes the top-level struct fields,
    844                # in contrast to other dialects such as DuckDB which flattens only the array by default
    845                if unnest_expr.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY) and any(
    846                    array_elem.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
    847                    for array_elem in unnest_expr._type.expressions
    848                ):
    849                    unnest.set("explode_array", True)
    850
    851            return unnest
    852
    853        def _parse_make_interval(self) -> exp.MakeInterval:
    854            expr = exp.MakeInterval()
    855
    856            for arg_key in expr.arg_types:
    857                value = self._parse_lambda()
    858
    859                if not value:
    860                    break
    861
    862                # Non-named arguments are filled sequentially, (optionally) followed by named arguments
    863                # that can appear in any order e.g MAKE_INTERVAL(1, minute => 5, day => 2)
    864                if isinstance(value, exp.Kwarg):
    865                    arg_key = value.this.name
    866
    867                expr.set(arg_key, value)
    868
    869                self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    870
    871            return expr
    872
    873        def _parse_features_at_time(self) -> exp.FeaturesAtTime:
    874            expr = self.expression(
    875                exp.FeaturesAtTime,
    876                this=(self._match(TokenType.TABLE) and self._parse_table())
    877                or self._parse_select(nested=True),
    878            )
    879
    880            while self._match(TokenType.COMMA):
    881                arg = self._parse_lambda()
    882
    883                # Get the LHS of the Kwarg and set the arg to that value, e.g
    884                # "num_rows => 1" sets the expr's `num_rows` arg
    885                if arg:
    886                    expr.set(arg.this.name, arg)
    887
    888            return expr
    889
    890        def _parse_export_data(self) -> exp.Export:
    891            self._match_text_seq("DATA")
    892
    893            return self.expression(
    894                exp.Export,
    895                connection=self._match_text_seq("WITH", "CONNECTION") and self._parse_table_parts(),
    896                options=self._parse_properties(),
    897                this=self._match_text_seq("AS") and self._parse_select(),
    898            )

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CONVERT_TO_CHARSET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_date>, 'DATE_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATETIME': <function _build_datetime>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <function _build_extract_json_with_default_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function _build_extract_json_with_default_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <function _build_time>, 'TIME_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <function _build_timestamp>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function _build_to_hex>, 'CONTAINS_SUBSTR': <function _build_contains_substring>, 'DIV': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'EDIT_DISTANCE': <function _build_levenshtein>, 'FORMAT_DATE': <function _build_format_time.<locals>._builder>, 'GENERATE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'JSON_QUERY': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_QUERY_ARRAY': <function _build_extract_json_with_default_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_VALUE': <function _build_extract_json_with_default_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_VALUE_ARRAY': <function _build_extract_json_with_default_path.<locals>._builder>, 'PARSE_DATE': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARSE_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_parse_timestamp>, 'REGEXP_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'SHA256': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA512': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMESTAMP_MICROS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMESTAMP_MILLIS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SECONDS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_JSON_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'FORMAT_DATETIME': <function _build_format_time.<locals>._builder>, 'FORMAT_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_format_time.<locals>._builder>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ARG_MAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MAX_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARG_MIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MIN_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CEIL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FLOOR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {<TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>}
NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTRIBUTED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DUPLICATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENVIRONMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT DETERMINISTIC': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPTIONS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WATERMARK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BUCKET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRUNCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPTIONS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
NULL_TOKENS = {<TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>}
DASHED_TABLE_PART_FOLLOW_TOKENS = {<TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
BRACKET_OFFSETS = {'OFFSET': (0, False), 'ORDINAL': (1, False), 'SAFE_OFFSET': (0, True), 'SAFE_ORDINAL': (1, True)}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  LAMBDAS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  TYPE_CONVERTERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  WINDOW_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  errors
  sql

class BigQuery.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     900    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     901        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
     902        JOIN_HINTS = False
     903        QUERY_HINTS = False
     904        TABLE_HINTS = False
     905        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
     906        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
     907        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
     908        UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
     909        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     910        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     911        SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
     912        UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
     913        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     914        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
     915        IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
     916        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
     917        CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
     918        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
     919        NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = "@"
     920        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
     921        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "OPTIONS"
     922        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     923        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     924        SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS = True
     925
     926        TRANSFORMS = {
     927            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     928            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     929            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
     930            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
     931            exp.Array: inline_array_unless_query,
     932            exp.ArrayContains: _array_contains_sql,
     933            exp.ArrayFilter: filter_array_using_unnest,
     934            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
     935            exp.CollateProperty: lambda self, e: (
     936                f"DEFAULT COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
     937                if e.args.get("default")
     938                else f"COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
     939            ),
     940            exp.Commit: lambda *_: "COMMIT TRANSACTION",
     941            exp.CountIf: rename_func("COUNTIF"),
     942            exp.Create: _create_sql,
     943            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([_pushdown_cte_column_names]),
     944            exp.DateAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
     945            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     946                "DATE_DIFF", e.this, e.expression, unit_to_var(e)
     947            ),
     948            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATE"),
     949            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     950            exp.DateSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
     951            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
     952            exp.DatetimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
     953            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func(
     954                "DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit"), e.args.get("zone")
     955            ),
     956            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     957                "DATETIME", self.func("TIMESTAMP", e.this, e.args.get("zone")), "'UTC'"
     958            ),
     959            exp.GenerateSeries: rename_func("GENERATE_ARRAY"),
     960            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(
     961                self, e, func_name="STRING_AGG", within_group=False
     962            ),
     963            exp.Hex: lambda self, e: self.func("UPPER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.sql(e, "this"))),
     964            exp.HexString: lambda self, e: self.hexstring_sql(e, binary_function_repr="FROM_HEX"),
     965            exp.If: if_sql(false_value="NULL"),
     966            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
     967            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
     968            exp.Int64: rename_func("INT64"),
     969            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
     970            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_sql,
     971            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
     972            exp.JSONFormat: rename_func("TO_JSON_STRING"),
     973            exp.Levenshtein: _levenshtein_sql,
     974            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     975            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
     976            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
     977            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     978            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     979            exp.RegexpExtract: lambda self, e: self.func(
     980                "REGEXP_EXTRACT",
     981                e.this,
     982                e.expression,
     983                e.args.get("position"),
     984                e.args.get("occurrence"),
     985            ),
     986            exp.RegexpExtractAll: lambda self, e: self.func(
     987                "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL", e.this, e.expression
     988            ),
     989            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
     990            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
     991            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
     992            exp.Rollback: lambda *_: "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION",
     993            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     994                [
     995                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
     996                    transforms.unqualify_unnest,
     997                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     998                    _alias_ordered_group,
     999                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1000                ]
    1001            ),
    1002            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1003            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    1004            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: (
    1005                "DETERMINISTIC" if e.name == "IMMUTABLE" else "NOT DETERMINISTIC"
    1006            ),
    1007            exp.String: rename_func("STRING"),
    1008            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: (
    1009                strposition_sql(
    1010                    self, e, func_name="INSTR", supports_position=True, supports_occurrence=True
    1011                )
    1012            ),
    1013            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_datetime_sql,
    1014            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_datetime_sql,
    1015            exp.TimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
    1016            exp.TimeFromParts: rename_func("TIME"),
    1017            exp.TimestampFromParts: rename_func("DATETIME"),
    1018            exp.TimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
    1019            exp.TimestampAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
    1020            exp.TimestampDiff: rename_func("TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
    1021            exp.TimestampSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
    1022            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1023            exp.Transaction: lambda *_: "BEGIN TRANSACTION",
    1024            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    1025            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    1026            exp.TsOrDsToTime: rename_func("TIME"),
    1027            exp.TsOrDsToDatetime: rename_func("DATETIME"),
    1028            exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp: rename_func("TIMESTAMP"),
    1029            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    1030            exp.UnixDate: rename_func("UNIX_DATE"),
    1031            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    1032            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "GENERATE_UUID()",
    1033            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
    1034            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    1035            exp.SafeDivide: rename_func("SAFE_DIVIDE"),
    1036        }
    1037
    1038        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1039            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1040            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1041            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1042        }
    1043
    1044        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1045            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1046            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
    1047            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
    1048            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
    1049            exp.DataType.Type.BLOB: "BYTES",
    1050            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
    1051            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
    1052            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
    1053            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
    1054            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
    1055            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
    1056            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
    1057            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
    1058            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
    1059            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    1060            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
    1061            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME",
    1062            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    1063            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    1064            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
    1065            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BYTES",
    1066            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "STRING",
    1067            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
    1068            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
    1069            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
    1070        }
    1071
    1072        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1073            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1074            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1075            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1076        }
    1077
    1078        # WINDOW comes after QUALIFY
    1079        # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/query-syntax#window_clause
    1080        AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {
    1081            "qualify": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["qualify"],
    1082            "windows": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["windows"],
    1083        }
    1084
    1085        # from: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#reserved_keywords
    1086        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    1087            "all",
    1088            "and",
    1089            "any",
    1090            "array",
    1091            "as",
    1092            "asc",
    1093            "assert_rows_modified",
    1094            "at",
    1095            "between",
    1096            "by",
    1097            "case",
    1098            "cast",
    1099            "collate",
    1100            "contains",
    1101            "create",
    1102            "cross",
    1103            "cube",
    1104            "current",
    1105            "default",
    1106            "define",
    1107            "desc",
    1108            "distinct",
    1109            "else",
    1110            "end",
    1111            "enum",
    1112            "escape",
    1113            "except",
    1114            "exclude",
    1115            "exists",
    1116            "extract",
    1117            "false",
    1118            "fetch",
    1119            "following",
    1120            "for",
    1121            "from",
    1122            "full",
    1123            "group",
    1124            "grouping",
    1125            "groups",
    1126            "hash",
    1127            "having",
    1128            "if",
    1129            "ignore",
    1130            "in",
    1131            "inner",
    1132            "intersect",
    1133            "interval",
    1134            "into",
    1135            "is",
    1136            "join",
    1137            "lateral",
    1138            "left",
    1139            "like",
    1140            "limit",
    1141            "lookup",
    1142            "merge",
    1143            "natural",
    1144            "new",
    1145            "no",
    1146            "not",
    1147            "null",
    1148            "nulls",
    1149            "of",
    1150            "on",
    1151            "or",
    1152            "order",
    1153            "outer",
    1154            "over",
    1155            "partition",
    1156            "preceding",
    1157            "proto",
    1158            "qualify",
    1159            "range",
    1160            "recursive",
    1161            "respect",
    1162            "right",
    1163            "rollup",
    1164            "rows",
    1165            "select",
    1166            "set",
    1167            "some",
    1168            "struct",
    1169            "tablesample",
    1170            "then",
    1171            "to",
    1172            "treat",
    1173            "true",
    1174            "unbounded",
    1175            "union",
    1176            "unnest",
    1177            "using",
    1178            "when",
    1179            "where",
    1180            "window",
    1181            "with",
    1182            "within",
    1183        }
    1184
    1185        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
    1186            this = expression.this
    1187            expr = expression.expression
    1188            return self.func(
    1189                "MOD",
    1190                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
    1191                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
    1192            )
    1193
    1194        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
    1195            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
    1196                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
    1197                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
    1198                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
    1199                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1200                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1201
    1202            return super().column_parts(expression)
    1203
    1204        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
    1205            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
    1206            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
    1207            #
    1208            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
    1209            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
    1210            #
    1211            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
    1212            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
    1213            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
    1214                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
    1215                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1216
    1217            return super().table_parts(expression)
    1218
    1219        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1220            this = expression.this
    1221            if isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToDatetime):
    1222                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
    1223            elif isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1224                func_name = "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP"
    1225            else:
    1226                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
    1227
    1228            time_expr = (
    1229                this
    1230                if isinstance(this, (exp.TsOrDsToDatetime, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
    1231                else expression
    1232            )
    1233            return self.func(
    1234                func_name, self.format_time(expression), time_expr.this, expression.args.get("zone")
    1235            )
    1236
    1237        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
    1238            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
    1239            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
    1240                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
    1241                    return "NULL"
    1242
    1243            return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1244
    1245        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
    1246            parent = expression.parent
    1247
    1248            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
    1249            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
    1250            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
    1251                return self.func(
    1252                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
    1253                )
    1254
    1255            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
    1256
    1257        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1258            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
    1259
    1260        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    1261            this = expression.this
    1262            expressions = expression.expressions
    1263
    1264            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
    1265                arg = expressions[0]
    1266                if arg.type is None:
    1267                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1268
    1269                    arg = annotate_types(arg, dialect=self.dialect)
    1270
    1271                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
    1272                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
    1273                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
    1274
    1275            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1276            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1277
    1278            if offset == 0:
    1279                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
    1280            elif offset == 1:
    1281                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
    1282            elif offset is not None:
    1283                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
    1284
    1285            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    1286                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
    1287
    1288            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
    1289
    1290        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1291            return self.sql(expression)
    1292
    1293        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1294            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
    1295                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
    1296            return super().version_sql(expression)
    1297
    1298        def contains_sql(self, expression: exp.Contains) -> str:
    1299            this = expression.this
    1300            expr = expression.expression
    1301
    1302            if isinstance(this, exp.Lower) and isinstance(expr, exp.Lower):
    1303                this = this.this
    1304                expr = expr.this
    1305
    1306            return self.func("CONTAINS_SUBSTR", this, expr)
    1307
    1308        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1309            this = expression.this
    1310
    1311            # This ensures that inline type-annotated ARRAY literals like ARRAY<INT64>[1, 2, 3]
    1312            # are roundtripped unaffected. The inner check excludes ARRAY(SELECT ...) expressions,
    1313            # because they aren't literals and so the above syntax is invalid BigQuery.
    1314            if isinstance(this, exp.Array):
    1315                elem = seq_get(this.expressions, 0)
    1316                if not (elem and elem.find(exp.Query)):
    1317                    return f"{self.sql(expression, 'to')}{self.sql(this)}"
    1318
    1319            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
LIMIT_FETCH = 'LIMIT'
RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = '@'
HEX_FUNC = 'TO_HEX'
WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = 'OPTIONS'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS = True
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function _returnsproperty_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function arg_max_or_min_no_count.<locals>._arg_max_or_min_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function arg_max_or_min_no_count.<locals>._arg_max_or_min_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_unless_query>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function _array_contains_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>: <function filter_array_using_unnest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Commit'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function _create_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CTE'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hex'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HexString'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntDiv'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function _levenshtein_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>: <function regexp_replace_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rollback'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function sha256_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function _str_to_datetime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_datetime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transaction'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _ts_or_ds_add_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _ts_or_ds_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Values'>: <function _derived_table_values_to_unnest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'BYTES', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'BYTES', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>: 'BIGNUMERIC', <Type.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>: 'INT64', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'BYTES', <Type.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>: 'BOOL', <Type.CHAR: 'CHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: 'NUMERIC', <Type.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>: 'FLOAT64', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'FLOAT64', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INT64', <Type.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>: 'INT64', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'STRING', <Type.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>: 'DATETIME', <Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>: 'DATETIME', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>: 'INT64', <Type.UUID: 'UUID'>: 'STRING', <Type.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>: 'BYTES', <Type.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>: 'ANY TYPE'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>}
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {'from', 'right', 'true', 'default', 'within', 'cast', 'order', 'create', 'lookup', 'tablesample', 'following', 'case', 'interval', 'into', 'array', 'is', 'respect', 'cross', 'groups', 'recursive', 'contains', 'asc', 'proto', 'in', 'as', 'join', 'natural', 'false', 'lateral', 'where', 'enum', 'exclude', 'and', 'new', 'on', 'all', 'ignore', 'using', 'extract', 'qualify', 'treat', 'full', 'with', 'rollup', 'cube', 'fetch', 'like', 'intersect', 'inner', 'rows', 'union', 'to', 'define', 'hash', 'then', 'current', 'between', 'set', 'for', 'collate', 'or', 'desc', 'except', 'having', 'at', 'window', 'distinct', 'struct', 'end', 'by', 'not', 'select', 'unnest', 'null', 'over', 'assert_rows_modified', 'no', 'any', 'of', 'escape', 'range', 'preceding', 'merge', 'some', 'else', 'partition', 'grouping', 'outer', 'nulls', 'limit', 'exists', 'unbounded', 'if', 'left', 'group', 'when'}
def mod_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Mod) -> str: View Source

    1185        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
    1186            this = expression.this
    1187            expr = expression.expression
    1188            return self.func(
    1189                "MOD",
    1190                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
    1191                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
    1192            )

def column_parts(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Column) -> str: View Source

    1194        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
    1195            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
    1196                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
    1197                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
    1198                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
    1199                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1200                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1201
    1202            return super().column_parts(expression)

def table_parts(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Table) -> str: View Source

    1204        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
    1205            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
    1206            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
    1207            #
    1208            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
    1209            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
    1210            #
    1211            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
    1212            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
    1213            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
    1214                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
    1215                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
    1216
    1217            return super().table_parts(expression)

def timetostr_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr) -> str: View Source

    1219        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1220            this = expression.this
    1221            if isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToDatetime):
    1222                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
    1223            elif isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1224                func_name = "FORMAT_TIMESTAMP"
    1225            else:
    1226                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
    1227
    1228            time_expr = (
    1229                this
    1230                if isinstance(this, (exp.TsOrDsToDatetime, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
    1231                else expression
    1232            )
    1233            return self.func(
    1234                func_name, self.format_time(expression), time_expr.this, expression.args.get("zone")
    1235            )

def eq_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.EQ) -> str: View Source

    1237        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
    1238            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
    1239            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
    1240                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
    1241                    return "NULL"
    1242
    1243            return self.binary(expression, "=")

def attimezone_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone) -> str: View Source

    1245        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
    1246            parent = expression.parent
    1247
    1248            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
    1249            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
    1250            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
    1251                return self.func(
    1252                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
    1253                )
    1254
    1255            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)

def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str: View Source

    1257        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1258            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")

def bracket_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Bracket) -> str: View Source

    1260        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    1261            this = expression.this
    1262            expressions = expression.expressions
    1263
    1264            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
    1265                arg = expressions[0]
    1266                if arg.type is None:
    1267                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1268
    1269                    arg = annotate_types(arg, dialect=self.dialect)
    1270
    1271                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
    1272                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
    1273                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
    1274
    1275            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1276            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1277
    1278            if offset == 0:
    1279                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
    1280            elif offset == 1:
    1281                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
    1282            elif offset is not None:
    1283                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
    1284
    1285            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    1286                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
    1287
    1288            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"

def in_unnest_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    1290        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1291            return self.sql(expression)

def version_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Version) -> str: View Source

    1293        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1294            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
    1295                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
    1296            return super().version_sql(expression)

def contains_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Contains) -> str: View Source

    1298        def contains_sql(self, expression: exp.Contains) -> str:
    1299            this = expression.this
    1300            expr = expression.expression
    1301
    1302            if isinstance(this, exp.Lower) and isinstance(expr, exp.Lower):
    1303                this = this.this
    1304                expr = expr.this
    1305
    1306            return self.func("CONTAINS_SUBSTR", this, expr)

def cast_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cast, safe_prefix: Optional[str] = None) -> str: View Source

    1308        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1309            this = expression.this
    1310
    1311            # This ensures that inline type-annotated ARRAY literals like ARRAY<INT64>[1, 2, 3]
    1312            # are roundtripped unaffected. The inner check excludes ARRAY(SELECT ...) expressions,
    1313            # because they aren't literals and so the above syntax is invalid BigQuery.
    1314            if isinstance(this, exp.Array):
    1315                elem = seq_get(this.expressions, 0)
    1316                if not (elem and elem.find(exp.Query)):
    1317                    return f"{self.sql(expression, 'to')}{self.sql(this)}"
    1318
    1319            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  SELECT_KINDS
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  INSERT_OVERWRITE
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  SUPPORTS_WINDOW_EXCLUDE
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
  COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  STAR_EXCEPT
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
  ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
  SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
  SUPPORTS_MEDIAN
  PARSE_JSON_NAME
  ARRAY_SIZE_NAME
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  STRUCT_DELIMITER
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  queryoption_sql
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  unnest_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  transaction_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterindex_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alterset_sql
  alter_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  safedivide_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  jsoncast_sql
  try_sql
  log_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  ceil_floor
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  whens_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  tonumber_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  uniquekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  struct_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scope_resolution
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonextractquote_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  arrayagg_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql
  attach_sql
  detach_sql
  attachoption_sql
  featuresattime_sql
  watermarkcolumnconstraint_sql
  encodeproperty_sql
  includeproperty_sql
  xmlelement_sql
  partitionbyrangeproperty_sql
  partitionbyrangepropertydynamic_sql
  unpivotcolumns_sql
  analyzesample_sql
  analyzestatistics_sql
  analyzehistogram_sql
  analyzedelete_sql
  analyzelistchainedrows_sql
  analyzevalidate_sql
  analyze_sql
  xmltable_sql
  xmlnamespace_sql
  export_sql
  declare_sql
  declareitem_sql
  recursivewithsearch_sql
  parameterizedagg_sql
  anonymousaggfunc_sql
  combinedaggfunc_sql
  combinedparameterizedagg_sql
  show_sql
  get_put_sql
  translatecharacters_sql