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# sqlglot.dialects.presto

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      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import typing as t
      4
      5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      7    Dialect,
      8    NormalizationStrategy,
      9    binary_from_function,
     10    bool_xor_sql,
     11    build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
     12    date_trunc_to_time,
     13    datestrtodate_sql,
     14    encode_decode_sql,
     15    build_formatted_time,
     16    if_sql,
     17    left_to_substring_sql,
     18    no_ilike_sql,
     19    no_pivot_sql,
     20    no_timestamp_sql,
     21    regexp_extract_sql,
     22    rename_func,
     23    right_to_substring_sql,
     24    sha256_sql,
     25    strposition_sql,
     26    struct_extract_sql,
     27    timestamptrunc_sql,
     28    timestrtotime_sql,
     29    ts_or_ds_add_cast,
     30    unit_to_str,
     31    sequence_sql,
     32    build_regexp_extract,
     33    explode_to_unnest_sql,
     34)
     35from sqlglot.dialects.hive import Hive
     36from sqlglot.dialects.mysql import MySQL
     37from sqlglot.helper import apply_index_offset, seq_get
     38from sqlglot.optimizer.scope import find_all_in_scope
     39from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     40from sqlglot.transforms import unqualify_columns
     41from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
     42
     43DATE_ADD_OR_SUB = t.Union[exp.DateAdd, exp.TimestampAdd, exp.DateSub]
     44
     45
     46def _initcap_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Initcap) -> str:
     47    regex = r"(\w)(\w*)"
     48    return f"REGEXP_REPLACE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, '{regex}', x -> UPPER(x[1]) || LOWER(x[2]))"
     49
     50
     51def _no_sort_array(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.SortArray) -> str:
     52    if expression.args.get("asc") == exp.false():
     53        comparator = "(a, b) -> CASE WHEN a < b THEN 1 WHEN a > b THEN -1 ELSE 0 END"
     54    else:
     55        comparator = None
     56    return self.func("ARRAY_SORT", expression.this, comparator)
     57
     58
     59def _schema_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
     60    if isinstance(expression.parent, exp.PartitionedByProperty):
     61        # Any columns in the ARRAY[] string literals should not be quoted
     62        expression.transform(lambda n: n.name if isinstance(n, exp.Identifier) else n, copy=False)
     63
     64        partition_exprs = [
     65            self.sql(c) if isinstance(c, (exp.Func, exp.Property)) else self.sql(c, "this")
     66            for c in expression.expressions
     67        ]
     68        return self.sql(exp.Array(expressions=[exp.Literal.string(c) for c in partition_exprs]))
     69
     70    if expression.parent:
     71        for schema in expression.parent.find_all(exp.Schema):
     72            if schema is expression:
     73                continue
     74
     75            column_defs = schema.find_all(exp.ColumnDef)
     76            if column_defs and isinstance(schema.parent, exp.Property):
     77                expression.expressions.extend(column_defs)
     78
     79    return self.schema_sql(expression)
     80
     81
     82def _quantile_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Quantile) -> str:
     83    self.unsupported("Presto does not support exact quantiles")
     84    return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
     85
     86
     87def _str_to_time_sql(
     88    self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime | exp.TsOrDsToDate
     89) -> str:
     90    return self.func("DATE_PARSE", expression.this, self.format_time(expression))
     91
     92
     93def _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
     94    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
     95    if time_format and time_format not in (Presto.TIME_FORMAT, Presto.DATE_FORMAT):
     96        return self.sql(exp.cast(_str_to_time_sql(self, expression), exp.DataType.Type.DATE))
     97    return self.sql(
     98        exp.cast(exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), exp.DataType.Type.DATE)
     99    )
    100
    101
    102def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
    103    expression = ts_or_ds_add_cast(expression)
    104    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
    105    return self.func("DATE_ADD", unit, expression.expression, expression.this)
    106
    107
    108def _ts_or_ds_diff_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
    109    this = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    110    expr = exp.cast(expression.expression, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    111    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
    112    return self.func("DATE_DIFF", unit, expr, this)
    113
    114
    115def _build_approx_percentile(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
    116    if len(args) == 4:
    117        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    118            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    119            weight=seq_get(args, 1),
    120            quantile=seq_get(args, 2),
    121            accuracy=seq_get(args, 3),
    122        )
    123    if len(args) == 3:
    124        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
    125            this=seq_get(args, 0), quantile=seq_get(args, 1), accuracy=seq_get(args, 2)
    126        )
    127    return exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list(args)
    128
    129
    130def _build_from_unixtime(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
    131    if len(args) == 3:
    132        return exp.UnixToTime(
    133            this=seq_get(args, 0),
    134            hours=seq_get(args, 1),
    135            minutes=seq_get(args, 2),
    136        )
    137    if len(args) == 2:
    138        return exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0), zone=seq_get(args, 1))
    139
    140    return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args)
    141
    142
    143def _first_last_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Func) -> str:
    144    """
    145    Trino doesn't support FIRST / LAST as functions, but they're valid in the context
    146    of MATCH_RECOGNIZE, so we need to preserve them in that case. In all other cases
    147    they're converted into an ARBITRARY call.
    148
    149    Reference: https://trino.io/docs/current/sql/match-recognize.html#logical-navigation-functions
    150    """
    151    if isinstance(expression.find_ancestor(exp.MatchRecognize, exp.Select), exp.MatchRecognize):
    152        return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    153
    154    return rename_func("ARBITRARY")(self, expression)
    155
    156
    157def _unix_to_time_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
    158    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
    159    timestamp = self.sql(expression, "this")
    160    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
    161        return rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME")(self, expression)
    162
    163    return f"FROM_UNIXTIME(CAST({timestamp} AS DOUBLE) / POW(10, {scale}))"
    164
    165
    166def _to_int(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    167    if not expression.type:
    168        from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    169
    170        annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    171    if expression.type and expression.type.this not in exp.DataType.INTEGER_TYPES:
    172        return exp.cast(expression, to=exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT)
    173    return expression
    174
    175
    176def _build_to_char(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeToStr:
    177    fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
    178    if isinstance(fmt, exp.Literal):
    179        # We uppercase this to match Teradata's format mapping keys
    180        fmt.set("this", fmt.this.upper())
    181
    182    # We use "teradata" on purpose here, because the time formats are different in Presto.
    183    # See https://prestodb.io/docs/current/functions/teradata.html?highlight=to_char#to_char
    184    return build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "teradata")(args)
    185
    186
    187def _date_delta_sql(
    188    name: str, negate_interval: bool = False
    189) -> t.Callable[[Presto.Generator, DATE_ADD_OR_SUB], str]:
    190    def _delta_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: DATE_ADD_OR_SUB) -> str:
    191        interval = _to_int(self, expression.expression)
    192        return self.func(
    193            name,
    194            unit_to_str(expression),
    195            interval * (-1) if negate_interval else interval,
    196            expression.this,
    197        )
    198
    199    return _delta_sql
    200
    201
    202def _explode_to_unnest_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
    203    explode = expression.this
    204    if isinstance(explode, exp.Explode):
    205        exploded_type = explode.this.type
    206        alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    207
    208        # This attempts a best-effort transpilation of LATERAL VIEW EXPLODE on a struct array
    209        if (
    210            isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    211            and isinstance(exploded_type, exp.DataType)
    212            and exploded_type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY)
    213            and exploded_type.expressions
    214            and exploded_type.expressions[0].is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
    215        ):
    216            # When unnesting a ROW in Presto, it produces N columns, so we need to fix the alias
    217            alias.set("columns", [c.this.copy() for c in exploded_type.expressions[0].expressions])
    218    elif isinstance(explode, exp.Inline):
    219        explode.replace(exp.Explode(this=explode.this.copy()))
    220
    221    return explode_to_unnest_sql(self, expression)
    222
    223
    224def amend_exploded_column_table(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    225    # We check for expression.type because the columns can be amended only if types were inferred
    226    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select) and expression.type:
    227        for lateral in expression.args.get("laterals") or []:
    228            alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    229            if (
    230                not isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode)
    231                or not isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    232                or len(alias.columns) != 1
    233            ):
    234                continue
    235
    236            new_table = alias.this
    237            old_table = alias.columns[0].name.lower()
    238
    239            # When transpiling a LATERAL VIEW EXPLODE Spark query, the exploded fields may be qualified
    240            # with the struct column, resulting in invalid Presto references that need to be amended
    241            for column in find_all_in_scope(expression, exp.Column):
    242                if column.db.lower() == old_table:
    243                    column.set("table", column.args["db"].pop())
    244                elif column.table.lower() == old_table:
    245                    column.set("table", new_table.copy())
    246                elif column.name.lower() == old_table and isinstance(column.parent, exp.Dot):
    247                    column.parent.replace(exp.column(column.parent.expression, table=new_table))
    248
    249    return expression
    250
    251
    252class Presto(Dialect):
    253    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
    254    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
    255    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
    256    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
    257    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
    258    TYPED_DIVISION = True
    259    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    260    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
    261    SUPPORTS_VALUES_DEFAULT = False
    262
    263    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
    264
    265    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
    266    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
    267    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
    268    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    269
    270    # The result of certain math functions in Presto/Trino is of type
    271    # equal to the input type e.g: FLOOR(5.5/2) -> DECIMAL, FLOOR(5/2) -> BIGINT
    272    ANNOTATORS = {
    273        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
    274        exp.Floor: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    275        exp.Ceil: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    276        exp.Mod: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", "expression"),
    277        exp.Round: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    278        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    279        exp.Abs: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    280        exp.Rand: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
    281        if e.this
    282        else self._set_type(e, exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE),
    283    }
    284
    285    SUPPORTED_SETTINGS = {
    286        *Dialect.SUPPORTED_SETTINGS,
    287        "variant_extract_is_json_extract",
    288    }
    289
    290    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    291        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    292        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    293            (prefix + q, q)
    294            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    295            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    296        ]
    297
    298        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    299
    300        KEYWORDS = {
    301            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    302            "DEALLOCATE PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    303            "DESCRIBE INPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    304            "DESCRIBE OUTPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    305            "RESET SESSION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    306            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    307            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    308            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    309            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    310            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    311            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    312            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    313        }
    314        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    315        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
    316
    317    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    318        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    319        ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
    320
    321        FUNCTIONS = {
    322            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    323            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    324            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    325            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    326            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    327            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    328            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    329            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    330            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    331            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    332            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    333                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    334            ),
    335            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    336                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    337            ),
    338            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    339            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    340            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    341            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    342            "DOW": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    343            "DOY": exp.DayOfYear.from_arg_list,
    344            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    345                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    346            ),
    347            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    348            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    349            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    350                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    351            ),
    352            "JSON_FORMAT": lambda args: exp.JSONFormat(
    353                this=seq_get(args, 0), options=seq_get(args, 1), is_json=True
    354            ),
    355            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    356            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    357            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    358            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    359            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    360                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    361                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    362                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    363            ),
    364            "REPLACE": build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
    365            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    366            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    367            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    368            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    369            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    370                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), occurrence=seq_get(args, 2)
    371            ),
    372            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    373            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    374            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    375                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    376            ),
    377            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    378            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    379            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    380        }
    381
    382        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    383        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    384
    385    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    386        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    387        JOIN_HINTS = False
    388        TABLE_HINTS = False
    389        QUERY_HINTS = False
    390        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    391        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    392        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    393        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    394        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    395        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    396        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    397        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    398        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    399        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    400        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    401        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    402        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    403        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    404        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    405
    406        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    407            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    408            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    409            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    410        }
    411
    412        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    413            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    414            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    415            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    416            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    417            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    418            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    419            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    420            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    421            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    422            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    423            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    424            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    425            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    426        }
    427
    428        TRANSFORMS = {
    429            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    430            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    431            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    432            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    433            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    434            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    435            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    436            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    437            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    438            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    439            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    440            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    441            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    442            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    443                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    444            ),
    445            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    446            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    447            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    448                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    449            ),
    450            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    451            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    452            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    453            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    454            exp.CurrentUser: lambda *_: "CURRENT_USER",
    455            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    456            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    457                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    458            ),
    459            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    460            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    461            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    462            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    463            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    464            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    465            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    466            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    467            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    468            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    469            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    470            e: f"format={self.sql(exp.Literal.string(e.name))}",
    471            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    472            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    473            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    474            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    475            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    476            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    477            exp.If: if_sql(),
    478            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    479            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    480            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    481            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    482            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    483            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    484            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    485                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    486            ),
    487            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    488            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    489            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    490            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    491            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    492            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    493            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    494            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    495            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    496            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    497                [
    498                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    499                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    500                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    501                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(1),
    502                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    503                    amend_exploded_column_table,
    504                ]
    505            ),
    506            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    507            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(self, e, supports_occurrence=True),
    508            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    509            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    510            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    511            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    512            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    513            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    514            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    515            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    516            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    517            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    518            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    519                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    520            ),
    521            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    522            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    523            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    524            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    525            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    526            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    527            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    528            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    529            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    530            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    531            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    532            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    533            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    534            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    535            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    536            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    537            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    538            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    539                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    540            ),
    541            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    542            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    543            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    544            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    545        }
    546
    547        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    548            "alter",
    549            "and",
    550            "as",
    551            "between",
    552            "by",
    553            "case",
    554            "cast",
    555            "constraint",
    556            "create",
    557            "cross",
    558            "current_time",
    559            "current_timestamp",
    560            "deallocate",
    561            "delete",
    562            "describe",
    563            "distinct",
    564            "drop",
    565            "else",
    566            "end",
    567            "escape",
    568            "except",
    569            "execute",
    570            "exists",
    571            "extract",
    572            "false",
    573            "for",
    574            "from",
    575            "full",
    576            "group",
    577            "having",
    578            "in",
    579            "inner",
    580            "insert",
    581            "intersect",
    582            "into",
    583            "is",
    584            "join",
    585            "left",
    586            "like",
    587            "natural",
    588            "not",
    589            "null",
    590            "on",
    591            "or",
    592            "order",
    593            "outer",
    594            "prepare",
    595            "right",
    596            "select",
    597            "table",
    598            "then",
    599            "true",
    600            "union",
    601            "using",
    602            "values",
    603            "when",
    604            "where",
    605            "with",
    606        }
    607
    608        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    609            this = expression.this
    610            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    611
    612            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    613                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    614
    615                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    616
    617            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    618                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    619
    620            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    621
    622        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    623            this = expression.this
    624
    625            if not this.type:
    626                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    627
    628                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    629
    630            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    631                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    632
    633            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    634
    635        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    636            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    637            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    638            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    639            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    640            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    641            this = expression.this
    642            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    643            value_as_timestamp = (
    644                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    645            )
    646
    647            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    648
    649            formatted_value = self.func(
    650                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    651            )
    652            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    653                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    654                formatted_value,
    655                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    656            )
    657            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    658            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    659
    660        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    661            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    662                return self.func(
    663                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    664                    expression.this,
    665                    seq_get(
    666                        apply_index_offset(
    667                            expression.this,
    668                            expression.expressions,
    669                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    670                            dialect=self.dialect,
    671                        ),
    672                        0,
    673                    ),
    674                )
    675            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    676
    677        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    678            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    679
    680            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    681            values: t.List[str] = []
    682            schema: t.List[str] = []
    683            unknown_type = False
    684
    685            for e in expression.expressions:
    686                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    687                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    688                        unknown_type = True
    689                    else:
    690                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    691                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    692                else:
    693                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    694
    695            size = len(expression.expressions)
    696
    697            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    698                if unknown_type:
    699                    self.unsupported(
    700                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    701                    )
    702                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    703            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    704
    705        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    706            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    707                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    708            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    709
    710        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    711            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    712            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    713            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    714
    715        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    716            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    717        ) -> t.List[str]:
    718            return [
    719                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    720                self.sql(limit),
    721            ]
    722
    723        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    724            """
    725            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    726            so we need to remove them
    727            """
    728            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    729            schema = expression.this
    730            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    731                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    732            return super().create_sql(expression)
    733
    734        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    735            """
    736            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    737            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    738            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    739            """
    740            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    741            if len(tables) > 1:
    742                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    743
    744            table = tables[0]
    745            expression.set("this", table)
    746            expression.set("tables", None)
    747
    748            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    749                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    750                if table_alias:
    751                    table_alias.pop()
    752                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    753
    754            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    755
    756        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    757            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    758
    759            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    760            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    761            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    762                return self.func(
    763                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    764                )
    765
    766            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    767
    768            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    769            segments = []
    770            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    771                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    772                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    773                    self.unsupported(
    774                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    775                    )
    776                    continue
    777                key = path_key.this
    778                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    779                    key = f'"{key}"'
    780                segments.append(f".{key}")
    781
    782            expr = "".join(segments)
    783
    784            return f"{this}{expr}"
    785
    786        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    787            return self.func(
    788                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    789                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    790                expression.args.get("separator"),
    791            )

DATE_ADD_OR_SUB = typing.Union[sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd, sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd, sqlglot.expressions.DateSub]
def amend_exploded_column_table( expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> sqlglot.expressions.Expression: View Source

    225def amend_exploded_column_table(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    226    # We check for expression.type because the columns can be amended only if types were inferred
    227    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select) and expression.type:
    228        for lateral in expression.args.get("laterals") or []:
    229            alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    230            if (
    231                not isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode)
    232                or not isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    233                or len(alias.columns) != 1
    234            ):
    235                continue
    236
    237            new_table = alias.this
    238            old_table = alias.columns[0].name.lower()
    239
    240            # When transpiling a LATERAL VIEW EXPLODE Spark query, the exploded fields may be qualified
    241            # with the struct column, resulting in invalid Presto references that need to be amended
    242            for column in find_all_in_scope(expression, exp.Column):
    243                if column.db.lower() == old_table:
    244                    column.set("table", column.args["db"].pop())
    245                elif column.table.lower() == old_table:
    246                    column.set("table", new_table.copy())
    247                elif column.name.lower() == old_table and isinstance(column.parent, exp.Dot):
    248                    column.parent.replace(exp.column(column.parent.expression, table=new_table))
    249
    250    return expression

class Presto(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    253class Presto(Dialect):
    254    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
    255    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
    256    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
    257    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
    258    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
    259    TYPED_DIVISION = True
    260    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    261    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
    262    SUPPORTS_VALUES_DEFAULT = False
    263
    264    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
    265
    266    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
    267    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
    268    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
    269    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
    270
    271    # The result of certain math functions in Presto/Trino is of type
    272    # equal to the input type e.g: FLOOR(5.5/2) -> DECIMAL, FLOOR(5/2) -> BIGINT
    273    ANNOTATORS = {
    274        **Dialect.ANNOTATORS,
    275        exp.Floor: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    276        exp.Ceil: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    277        exp.Mod: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this", "expression"),
    278        exp.Round: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    279        exp.Sign: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    280        exp.Abs: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this"),
    281        exp.Rand: lambda self, e: self._annotate_by_args(e, "this")
    282        if e.this
    283        else self._set_type(e, exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE),
    284    }
    285
    286    SUPPORTED_SETTINGS = {
    287        *Dialect.SUPPORTED_SETTINGS,
    288        "variant_extract_is_json_extract",
    289    }
    290
    291    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    292        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    293        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    294            (prefix + q, q)
    295            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    296            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    297        ]
    298
    299        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    300
    301        KEYWORDS = {
    302            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    303            "DEALLOCATE PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    304            "DESCRIBE INPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    305            "DESCRIBE OUTPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    306            "RESET SESSION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    307            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    308            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    309            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    310            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    311            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    312            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    313            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    314        }
    315        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    316        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
    317
    318    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    319        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    320        ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
    321
    322        FUNCTIONS = {
    323            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    324            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    325            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    326            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    327            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    328            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    329            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    330            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    331            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    332            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    333            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    334                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    335            ),
    336            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    337                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    338            ),
    339            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    340            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    341            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    342            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    343            "DOW": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    344            "DOY": exp.DayOfYear.from_arg_list,
    345            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    346                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    347            ),
    348            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    349            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    350            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    351                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    352            ),
    353            "JSON_FORMAT": lambda args: exp.JSONFormat(
    354                this=seq_get(args, 0), options=seq_get(args, 1), is_json=True
    355            ),
    356            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    357            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    358            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    359            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    360            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    361                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    362                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    363                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    364            ),
    365            "REPLACE": build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
    366            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    367            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    368            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    369            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    370            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    371                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), occurrence=seq_get(args, 2)
    372            ),
    373            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    374            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    375            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    376                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    377            ),
    378            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    379            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    380            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    381        }
    382
    383        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    384        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    385
    386    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    387        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    388        JOIN_HINTS = False
    389        TABLE_HINTS = False
    390        QUERY_HINTS = False
    391        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    392        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    393        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    394        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    395        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    396        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    397        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    398        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    399        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    400        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    401        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    402        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    403        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    404        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    405        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    406
    407        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    408            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    409            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    410            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    411        }
    412
    413        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    414            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    415            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    416            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    417            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    418            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    419            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    420            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    421            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    422            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    423            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    424            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    425            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    426            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    427        }
    428
    429        TRANSFORMS = {
    430            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    431            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    432            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    433            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    434            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    435            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    436            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    437            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    438            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    439            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    440            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    441            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    442            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    443            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    444                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    445            ),
    446            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    447            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    448            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    449                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    450            ),
    451            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    452            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    453            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    454            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    455            exp.CurrentUser: lambda *_: "CURRENT_USER",
    456            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    457            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    458                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    459            ),
    460            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    461            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    462            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    463            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    464            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    465            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    466            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    467            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    468            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    469            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    470            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    471            e: f"format={self.sql(exp.Literal.string(e.name))}",
    472            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    473            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    474            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    475            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    476            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    477            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    478            exp.If: if_sql(),
    479            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    480            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    481            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    482            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    483            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    484            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    485            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    486                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    487            ),
    488            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    489            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    490            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    491            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    492            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    493            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    494            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    495            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    496            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    497            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    498                [
    499                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    500                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    501                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    502                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(1),
    503                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    504                    amend_exploded_column_table,
    505                ]
    506            ),
    507            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    508            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(self, e, supports_occurrence=True),
    509            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    510            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    511            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    512            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    513            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    514            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    515            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    516            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    517            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    518            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    519            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    520                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    521            ),
    522            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    523            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    524            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    525            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    526            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    527            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    528            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    529            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    530            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    531            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    532            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    533            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    534            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    535            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    536            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    537            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    538            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    539            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    540                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    541            ),
    542            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    543            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    544            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    545            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    546        }
    547
    548        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    549            "alter",
    550            "and",
    551            "as",
    552            "between",
    553            "by",
    554            "case",
    555            "cast",
    556            "constraint",
    557            "create",
    558            "cross",
    559            "current_time",
    560            "current_timestamp",
    561            "deallocate",
    562            "delete",
    563            "describe",
    564            "distinct",
    565            "drop",
    566            "else",
    567            "end",
    568            "escape",
    569            "except",
    570            "execute",
    571            "exists",
    572            "extract",
    573            "false",
    574            "for",
    575            "from",
    576            "full",
    577            "group",
    578            "having",
    579            "in",
    580            "inner",
    581            "insert",
    582            "intersect",
    583            "into",
    584            "is",
    585            "join",
    586            "left",
    587            "like",
    588            "natural",
    589            "not",
    590            "null",
    591            "on",
    592            "or",
    593            "order",
    594            "outer",
    595            "prepare",
    596            "right",
    597            "select",
    598            "table",
    599            "then",
    600            "true",
    601            "union",
    602            "using",
    603            "values",
    604            "when",
    605            "where",
    606            "with",
    607        }
    608
    609        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    610            this = expression.this
    611            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    612
    613            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    614                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    615
    616                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    617
    618            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    619                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    620
    621            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    622
    623        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    624            this = expression.this
    625
    626            if not this.type:
    627                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    628
    629                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    630
    631            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    632                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    633
    634            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    635
    636        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    637            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    638            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    639            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    640            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    641            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    642            this = expression.this
    643            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    644            value_as_timestamp = (
    645                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    646            )
    647
    648            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    649
    650            formatted_value = self.func(
    651                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    652            )
    653            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    654                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    655                formatted_value,
    656                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    657            )
    658            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    659            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    660
    661        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    662            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    663                return self.func(
    664                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    665                    expression.this,
    666                    seq_get(
    667                        apply_index_offset(
    668                            expression.this,
    669                            expression.expressions,
    670                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    671                            dialect=self.dialect,
    672                        ),
    673                        0,
    674                    ),
    675                )
    676            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    677
    678        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    679            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    680
    681            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    682            values: t.List[str] = []
    683            schema: t.List[str] = []
    684            unknown_type = False
    685
    686            for e in expression.expressions:
    687                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    688                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    689                        unknown_type = True
    690                    else:
    691                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    692                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    693                else:
    694                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    695
    696            size = len(expression.expressions)
    697
    698            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    699                if unknown_type:
    700                    self.unsupported(
    701                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    702                    )
    703                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    704            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    705
    706        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    707            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    708                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    709            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    710
    711        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    712            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    713            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    714            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    715
    716        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    717            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    718        ) -> t.List[str]:
    719            return [
    720                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    721                self.sql(limit),
    722            ]
    723
    724        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    725            """
    726            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    727            so we need to remove them
    728            """
    729            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    730            schema = expression.this
    731            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    732                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    733            return super().create_sql(expression)
    734
    735        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    736            """
    737            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    738            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    739            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    740            """
    741            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    742            if len(tables) > 1:
    743                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    744
    745            table = tables[0]
    746            expression.set("this", table)
    747            expression.set("tables", None)
    748
    749            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    750                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    751                if table_alias:
    752                    table_alias.pop()
    753                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    754
    755            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    756
    757        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    758            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    759
    760            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    761            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    762            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    763                return self.func(
    764                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    765                )
    766
    767            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    768
    769            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    770            segments = []
    771            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    772                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    773                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    774                    self.unsupported(
    775                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    776                    )
    777                    continue
    778                key = path_key.this
    779                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    780                    key = f'"{key}"'
    781                segments.append(f".{key}")
    782
    783            expr = "".join(segments)
    784
    785            return f"{this}{expr}"
    786
    787        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    788            return self.func(
    789                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    790                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    791                expression.args.get("separator"),
    792            )

INDEX_OFFSET = 1

The base index offset for arrays.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_last'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'%Y-%m-%d %T'"
STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True

Whether `CONCAT`'s arguments must be strings.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

TYPED_DIVISION = True

Whether the behavior of `a / b` depends on the types of `a` and `b`. False means `a / b` is always float division. True means `a / b` is integer division if both `a` and `b` are integers.

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = None

Whether the base comes first in the `LOG` function. Possible values: `True`, `False`, `None` (two arguments are not supported by `LOG`)

SUPPORTS_VALUES_DEFAULT = False

Whether the DEFAULT keyword is supported in the VALUES clause.

TIME_MAPPING = {'%M': '%B', '%c': '%-m', '%e': '%-d', '%h': '%I', '%i': '%M', '%s': '%S', '%u': '%W', '%k': '%-H', '%l': '%-I', '%T': '%H:%M:%S', '%W': '%A'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

ANNOTATORS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Alias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Neg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Not'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Paren'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAlias'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Add'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Binary'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Connector'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DPipe'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distance'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Div'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Dot'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Escape'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Glob'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILikeAny'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntDiv'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Is'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Kwarg'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LT'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LTE'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Like'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeAny'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mod'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Mul'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NullSafeNEQ'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlaps'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PropertyEQ'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SimilarTo'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Slice'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sub'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function Dialect.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Between'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Boolean'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.In'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDateStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToTimeStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDateStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function annotate_with_type_lambda.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Anonymous'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Bracket'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataType'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Distinct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Filter'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Interval'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Literal'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Null'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unnest'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Dialect.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function Presto.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_SETTINGS = {'normalization_strategy', 'version', 'variant_extract_is_json_extract'}
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

tokenizer_class = <class 'Presto.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Presto.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Presto.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%B': '%M', '%-m': '%c', '%-d': '%e', '%I': '%h', '%M': '%i', '%S': '%s', '%W': '%u', '%-H': '%k', '%-I': '%l', '%H:%M:%S': '%T', '%A': '%W'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'B': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}, 'H': {':': {'%': {'M': {':': {'%': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}}, 'A': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = "U&'"
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = "'"
class Presto.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    291    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    292        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    293        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
    294            (prefix + q, q)
    295            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
    296            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
    297        ]
    298
    299        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    300
    301        KEYWORDS = {
    302            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    303            "DEALLOCATE PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    304            "DESCRIBE INPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    305            "DESCRIBE OUTPUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    306            "RESET SESSION": TokenType.COMMAND,
    307            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
    308            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    309            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
    310            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
    311            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
    312            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
    313            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
    314        }
    315        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    316        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")

HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
UNICODE_STRINGS = [("U&'", "'"), ("u&'", "'")]
NESTED_COMMENTS = False
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '|>': <TokenType.PIPE_GT: 'PIPE_GT'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'DEALLOCATE PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'DESCRIBE INPUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'DESCRIBE OUTPUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RESET SESSION': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'START': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'IPADDRESS': <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, 'IPPREFIX': <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, 'TDIGEST': <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, 'HYPERLOGLOG': <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  SINGLE_TOKENS
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  STRING_ESCAPES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Presto.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    318    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    319        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
    320        ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
    321
    322        FUNCTIONS = {
    323            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    324            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
    325            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
    326            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
    327            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
    328            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    329            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
    330            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    331            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    332            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
    333            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
    334                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    335            ),
    336            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    337                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
    338            ),
    339            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
    340            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
    341            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
    342            "DAY_OF_WEEK": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    343            "DOW": exp.DayOfWeekIso.from_arg_list,
    344            "DOY": exp.DayOfYear.from_arg_list,
    345            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
    346                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
    347            ),
    348            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    349            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
    350            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
    351                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    352            ),
    353            "JSON_FORMAT": lambda args: exp.JSONFormat(
    354                this=seq_get(args, 0), options=seq_get(args, 1), is_json=True
    355            ),
    356            "LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE": exp.Levenshtein.from_arg_list,
    357            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    358            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    359            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    360            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
    361                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    362                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
    363                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
    364            ),
    365            "REPLACE": build_replace_with_optional_replacement,
    366            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
    367            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
    368            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
    369            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
    370            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    371                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), occurrence=seq_get(args, 2)
    372            ),
    373            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
    374            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
    375            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
    376                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
    377            ),
    378            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
    379            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
    380            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
    381        }
    382
    383        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
    384        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
ZONE_AWARE_TIMESTAMP_CONSTRUCTOR = True
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcatAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_INTERSECTION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayIntersect'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_REMOVE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayRemove'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CONVERT_TO_CHARSET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP_L_T_Z': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestampLTZ'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method 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method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': 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Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 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'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of 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of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function _build_to_char>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'ARBITRARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <function _build_approx_percentile>, 'BITWISE_AND': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_NOT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_OR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CARDINALITY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'DATE_FORMAT': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_PARSE': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DOY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'ELEMENT_AT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FROM_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'FROM_UNIXTIME': <function _build_from_unixtime>, 'FROM_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'NOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'ROW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'SEQUENCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'SET_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'SPLIT_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'TO_UNIXTIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TO_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA256': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA512': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ARG_MAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MAX_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARG_MIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MIN_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CEIL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FLOOR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  LAMBDAS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  STATEMENT_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  RANGE_PARSERS
  PIPE_SYNTAX_TRANSFORM_PARSERS
  PROPERTY_PARSERS
  CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  TYPE_CONVERTERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  WINDOW_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  ALTER_RENAME_REQUIRES_COLUMN
  JOINS_HAVE_EQUAL_PRECEDENCE
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  errors
  sql

class Presto.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    386    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    387        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
    388        JOIN_HINTS = False
    389        TABLE_HINTS = False
    390        QUERY_HINTS = False
    391        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
    392        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
    393        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
    394        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    395        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    396        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
    397        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
    398        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
    399        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
    400        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
    401        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
    402        PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
    403        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    404        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
    405        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "CARDINALITY"
    406
    407        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    408            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    409            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    410            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    411        }
    412
    413        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    414            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    415            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
    416            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    417            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    418            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
    419            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
    420            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
    421            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
    422            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
    423            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
    424            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    425            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    426            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
    427        }
    428
    429        TRANSFORMS = {
    430            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    431            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
    432            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
    433            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    434            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    435            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
    436            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
    437            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    438            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
    439            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
    440            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
    441            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
    442            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
    443            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    444                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
    445            ),
    446            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
    447            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
    448            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
    449                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
    450            ),
    451            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
    452            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    453            exp.CurrentTime: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIME",
    454            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
    455            exp.CurrentUser: lambda *_: "CURRENT_USER",
    456            exp.DateAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    457            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    458                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
    459            ),
    460            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    461            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
    462            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    463            exp.DateSub: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD", negate_interval=True),
    464            exp.DayOfWeek: lambda self, e: f"(({self.func('DAY_OF_WEEK', e.this)} % 7) + 1)",
    465            exp.DayOfWeekIso: rename_func("DAY_OF_WEEK"),
    466            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
    467            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
    468            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
    469            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
    470            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    471            e: f"format={self.sql(exp.Literal.string(e.name))}",
    472            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
    473            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
    474            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
    475            exp.GenerateSeries: sequence_sql,
    476            exp.GenerateDateArray: sequence_sql,
    477            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    478            exp.If: if_sql(),
    479            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    480            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
    481            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
    482            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
    483            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
    484            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    485            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost", "max_dist")(
    486                rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE")
    487            ),
    488            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
    489            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
    490            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
    491            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
    492            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
    493            exp.RegexpExtractAll: regexp_extract_sql,
    494            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    495            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
    496            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    497            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    498                [
    499                    transforms.eliminate_window_clause,
    500                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    501                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    502                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(1),
    503                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    504                    amend_exploded_column_table,
    505                ]
    506            ),
    507            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
    508            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(self, e, supports_occurrence=True),
    509            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
    510            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
    511            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    512            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    513            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unnest_generate_series]),
    514            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    515            exp.TimestampAdd: _date_delta_sql("DATE_ADD"),
    516            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    517            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
    518            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    519            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
    520                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
    521            ),
    522            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    523            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
    524            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    525            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
    526            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
    527            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    528            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
    529            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
    530            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
    531            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
    532            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
    533            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
    534            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
    535            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
    536            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
    537            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
    538            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
    539            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
    540                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
    541            ),
    542            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
    543            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
    544            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    545            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
    546        }
    547
    548        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
    549            "alter",
    550            "and",
    551            "as",
    552            "between",
    553            "by",
    554            "case",
    555            "cast",
    556            "constraint",
    557            "create",
    558            "cross",
    559            "current_time",
    560            "current_timestamp",
    561            "deallocate",
    562            "delete",
    563            "describe",
    564            "distinct",
    565            "drop",
    566            "else",
    567            "end",
    568            "escape",
    569            "except",
    570            "execute",
    571            "exists",
    572            "extract",
    573            "false",
    574            "for",
    575            "from",
    576            "full",
    577            "group",
    578            "having",
    579            "in",
    580            "inner",
    581            "insert",
    582            "intersect",
    583            "into",
    584            "is",
    585            "join",
    586            "left",
    587            "like",
    588            "natural",
    589            "not",
    590            "null",
    591            "on",
    592            "or",
    593            "order",
    594            "outer",
    595            "prepare",
    596            "right",
    597            "select",
    598            "table",
    599            "then",
    600            "true",
    601            "union",
    602            "using",
    603            "values",
    604            "when",
    605            "where",
    606            "with",
    607        }
    608
    609        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    610            this = expression.this
    611            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    612
    613            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    614                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    615
    616                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    617
    618            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    619                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    620
    621            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
    622
    623        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    624            this = expression.this
    625
    626            if not this.type:
    627                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    628
    629                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    630
    631            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    632                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    633
    634            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))
    635
    636        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    637            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    638            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    639            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    640            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    641            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    642            this = expression.this
    643            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    644            value_as_timestamp = (
    645                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    646            )
    647
    648            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    649
    650            formatted_value = self.func(
    651                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    652            )
    653            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    654                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    655                formatted_value,
    656                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    657            )
    658            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    659            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
    660
    661        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    662            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    663                return self.func(
    664                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    665                    expression.this,
    666                    seq_get(
    667                        apply_index_offset(
    668                            expression.this,
    669                            expression.expressions,
    670                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    671                            dialect=self.dialect,
    672                        ),
    673                        0,
    674                    ),
    675                )
    676            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
    677
    678        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    679            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    680
    681            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    682            values: t.List[str] = []
    683            schema: t.List[str] = []
    684            unknown_type = False
    685
    686            for e in expression.expressions:
    687                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    688                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    689                        unknown_type = True
    690                    else:
    691                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    692                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    693                else:
    694                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    695
    696            size = len(expression.expressions)
    697
    698            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    699                if unknown_type:
    700                    self.unsupported(
    701                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    702                    )
    703                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    704            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
    705
    706        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    707            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    708                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    709            return super().interval_sql(expression)
    710
    711        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    712            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    713            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    714            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
    715
    716        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    717            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    718        ) -> t.List[str]:
    719            return [
    720                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    721                self.sql(limit),
    722            ]
    723
    724        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    725            """
    726            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    727            so we need to remove them
    728            """
    729            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    730            schema = expression.this
    731            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    732                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    733            return super().create_sql(expression)
    734
    735        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    736            """
    737            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    738            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    739            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    740            """
    741            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    742            if len(tables) > 1:
    743                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    744
    745            table = tables[0]
    746            expression.set("this", table)
    747            expression.set("tables", None)
    748
    749            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    750                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    751                if table_alias:
    752                    table_alias.pop()
    753                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    754
    755            return super().delete_sql(expression)
    756
    757        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    758            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    759
    760            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    761            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    762            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    763                return self.func(
    764                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    765                )
    766
    767            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    768
    769            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    770            segments = []
    771            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    772                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    773                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    774                    self.unsupported(
    775                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    776                    )
    777                    continue
    778                key = path_key.this
    779                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    780                    key = f'"{key}"'
    781                segments.append(f".{key}")
    782
    783            expr = "".join(segments)
    784
    785            return f"{this}{expr}"
    786
    787        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    788            return self.func(
    789                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    790                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    791                expression.args.get("separator"),
    792            )

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
HEX_FUNC = 'TO_HEX'
PARSE_JSON_NAME = 'JSON_PARSE'
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = False
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'CARDINALITY'
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.BIT: 'BIT'>: 'BOOLEAN', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'REAL', <Type.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>: 'HYPERLOGLOG', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INTEGER', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'ROW', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>: 'TIME'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathFilter'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRecursive'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathScript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSelector'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSlice'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathUnion'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathWildcard'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConvertToCharset'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EnviromentProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TableColumn'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>: <function sequence_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Group'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function _initcap_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lateral'>: <function _explode_to_unnest_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function left_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function no_pivot_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function _quantile_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function right_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Schema'>: <function _schema_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function _no_sort_array>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>: <function struct_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Table'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function _date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _ts_or_ds_add_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _ts_or_ds_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.With'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithinGroup'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function bool_xor_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function sha256_sql>}
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {'join', 'extract', 'table', 'left', 'alter', 'not', 'between', 'execute', 'current_time', 'false', 'full', 'using', 'right', 'values', 'with', 'from', 'current_timestamp', 'for', 'escape', 'or', 'as', 'group', 'on', 'is', 'deallocate', 'and', 'else', 'exists', 'constraint', 'cast', 'in', 'natural', 'end', 'describe', 'when', 'except', 'cross', 'true', 'drop', 'by', 'into', 'prepare', 'insert', 'having', 'then', 'order', 'inner', 'outer', 'null', 'like', 'case', 'select', 'create', 'intersect', 'delete', 'union', 'where', 'distinct'}
def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat) -> str: View Source

    609        def jsonformat_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
    610            this = expression.this
    611            is_json = expression.args.get("is_json")
    612
    613            if this and not (is_json or this.type):
    614                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    615
    616                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    617
    618            if not (is_json or this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.JSON)):
    619                this.replace(exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.JSON))
    620
    621            return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)

def md5_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.MD5) -> str: View Source

    623        def md5_sql(self, expression: exp.MD5) -> str:
    624            this = expression.this
    625
    626            if not this.type:
    627                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    628
    629                this = annotate_types(this, dialect=self.dialect)
    630
    631            if this.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES):
    632                this = exp.Encode(this=this, charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8"))
    633
    634            return self.func("LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(this))))

def strtounix_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix) -> str: View Source

    636        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    637            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
    638            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
    639            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
    640            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
    641            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
    642            this = expression.this
    643            value_as_text = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
    644            value_as_timestamp = (
    645                exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP) if this.is_string else this
    646            )
    647
    648            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
    649
    650            formatted_value = self.func(
    651                "DATE_FORMAT", value_as_timestamp, self.format_time(expression)
    652            )
    653            parse_with_tz = self.func(
    654                "PARSE_DATETIME",
    655                formatted_value,
    656                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
    657            )
    658            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
    659            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)

def bracket_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Bracket) -> str: View Source

    661        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
    662            if expression.args.get("safe"):
    663                return self.func(
    664                    "ELEMENT_AT",
    665                    expression.this,
    666                    seq_get(
    667                        apply_index_offset(
    668                            expression.this,
    669                            expression.expressions,
    670                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
    671                            dialect=self.dialect,
    672                        ),
    673                        0,
    674                    ),
    675                )
    676            return super().bracket_sql(expression)

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    678        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    679            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    680
    681            expression = annotate_types(expression, dialect=self.dialect)
    682            values: t.List[str] = []
    683            schema: t.List[str] = []
    684            unknown_type = False
    685
    686            for e in expression.expressions:
    687                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    688                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    689                        unknown_type = True
    690                    else:
    691                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
    692                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
    693                else:
    694                    values.append(self.sql(e))
    695
    696            size = len(expression.expressions)
    697
    698            if not size or len(schema) != size:
    699                if unknown_type:
    700                    self.unsupported(
    701                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
    702                    )
    703                return self.func("ROW", *values)
    704            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"

def interval_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Interval) -> str: View Source

    706        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
    707            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
    708                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
    709            return super().interval_sql(expression)

def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str: View Source

    711        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    712            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
    713            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
    714            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"

def offset_limit_modifiers( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: Union[sqlglot.expressions.Fetch, sqlglot.expressions.Limit, NoneType]) -> List[str]: View Source

    716        def offset_limit_modifiers(
    717            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
    718        ) -> t.List[str]:
    719            return [
    720                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
    721                self.sql(limit),
    722            ]

def create_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create) -> str: View Source

    724        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    725            """
    726            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
    727            so we need to remove them
    728            """
    729            kind = expression.args["kind"]
    730            schema = expression.this
    731            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
    732                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
    733            return super().create_sql(expression)

Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression), so we need to remove them

def delete_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Delete) -> str: View Source

    735        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
    736            """
    737            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
    738            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
    739            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
    740            """
    741            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
    742            if len(tables) > 1:
    743                return super().delete_sql(expression)
    744
    745            table = tables[0]
    746            expression.set("this", table)
    747            expression.set("tables", None)
    748
    749            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    750                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
    751                if table_alias:
    752                    table_alias.pop()
    753                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
    754
    755            return super().delete_sql(expression)

Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.

def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract) -> str: View Source

    757        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract) -> str:
    758            is_json_extract = self.dialect.settings.get("variant_extract_is_json_extract", True)
    759
    760            # Generate JSON_EXTRACT unless the user has configured that a Snowflake / Databricks
    761            # VARIANT extract (e.g. col:x.y) should map to dot notation (i.e ROW access) in Presto/Trino
    762            if not expression.args.get("variant_extract") or is_json_extract:
    763                return self.func(
    764                    "JSON_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, *expression.expressions
    765                )
    766
    767            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    768
    769            # Convert the JSONPath extraction `JSON_EXTRACT(col, '$.x.y) to a ROW access col.x.y
    770            segments = []
    771            for path_key in expression.expression.expressions[1:]:
    772                if not isinstance(path_key, exp.JSONPathKey):
    773                    # Cannot transpile subscripts, wildcards etc to dot notation
    774                    self.unsupported(
    775                        f"Cannot transpile JSONPath segment '{path_key}' to ROW access"
    776                    )
    777                    continue
    778                key = path_key.this
    779                if not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(key):
    780                    key = f'"{key}"'
    781                segments.append(f".{key}")
    782
    783            expr = "".join(segments)
    784
    785            return f"{this}{expr}"

def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat) -> str: View Source

    787        def groupconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
    788            return self.func(
    789                "ARRAY_JOIN",
    790                self.func("ARRAY_AGG", expression.this),
    791                expression.args.get("separator"),
    792            )

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  COLLATE_IS_FUNC
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
  INSERT_OVERWRITE
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_WINDOW_EXCLUDE
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
  COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  TRY_SUPPORTED
  SUPPORTS_UESCAPE
  STAR_EXCEPT
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS
  ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
  SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  ALTER_SET_WRAPPED
  NORMALIZE_EXTRACT_DATE_PARTS
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  RESPECT_IGNORE_NULLS_UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSIONS
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  sanitize_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
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